Beyond infant death: the hidden costs of male immigration in geladas
Beyond infant death: the hidden costs of male immigration in geladas
复制标题
除了婴儿死亡之外：狒狒中男性移民的隐性成本
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.11.010
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lu, Amy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schneider-Crease, India;Chiou, Kenneth L.;Snyder-Mackler, Noah;Bergman, Thore J.;Beehner, Jacinta C.;Lu, Amy
雄性狒狒移民后，所有群体成员受伤的风险都增加了。受抚养的婴儿和哺乳期的雌性受到的伤害最多。受伤雌性的生育间隔较长。我们的研究结果揭示了男性移民和女性生殖健康之间的联系。创伤性事件的经历可以催化生理上的权衡，增加生物体对疾病和死亡的脆弱性。在潜在的创伤来源中，新雄性的到来可能特别突出，因为伴随而来的是杀婴的威胁。在这样的社会体系中，杀死被依赖的后代有利于这些新的雄性，因为它们加速了雌性的接受能力。尽管人们普遍对杀婴行为的进化驱动因素感兴趣，但对于男性移民对其他群体成员的附带影响却知之甚少。也就是说，男性移民之后的时期是否充当了“逆境之窗”，使群体成员的成本超过了杀婴行为的直接受害者？在这里，我们研究了新雄性移民的直接后果是如何与雌性亲缘物种（狮尾蜥蜴）的所有个体的伤害风险相关的。我们分析了9年来收集的139起伤害和41起男性移民事件，发现男性移民伴随着所有出生个体受伤风险的增加（成年男性被排除在分析之外），对受抚养婴儿和哺乳期女性的影响最为严重。受伤的女性生育间隔较长，突出了受伤对生殖的影响。这项研究首次量化了男性移民在婴儿死亡率之外的相关成本，并强调这些时期可能是逆境的窗口，可能会影响一生的健康和健身结果。
HighlightsInjury risk increased for all group members following male immigration in geladas.Dependent infants and lactating females incurred the most injuries.Injured females had longer interbirth intervals.Our results reveal a link between male immigration and female reproductive fitness.The experience of traumatic events can catalyse physiological trade-offs that increase the vulnerability of organisms to disease and death. Among potential sources of trauma, the arrival of new males in female-philopatric species may be particularly salient due to the accompanying threat of infanticide. In such social systems, the killing of dependent offspring benefits these new males by accelerating females' return to receptivity. Despite widespread interest in the evolutionary drivers of infanticide, there is little known about the collateral effects of male immigration on other group members. That is, do the periods following male immigration act as ‘windows of adversity’that carry costs for group members over and above the direct victims of infanticide? Here, we examined how the immediate aftermath of new male immigration in a female-philopatric species (Theropithecus gelada) was related to the risk of injury for all individuals. Analysing 139 injuries and 41 male immigration events across 9 years of data collection, we found that male immigration was accompanied by increases in injury risk for all natal individuals (adult males were excluded from the analysis), with the most severe effects for dependent infants and lactating females. Females with injuries had longer interbirth intervals, highlighting the reproductive consequences of injury. This study is among the first to quantify costs associated with male immigration beyond infant mortality and highlights that these periods can act as windows of adversity that may affect lifetime health and fitness outcomes.