Circumstances Around Cigarette Use after Enforced Abstinence From Smoking in an American Prison.
Circumstances Around Cigarette Use after Enforced Abstinence From Smoking in an American Prison.
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DOI：
10.1097/adm.0000000000001005
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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大多数成年人在被监禁在美国监狱时，在强制戒烟后又重新吸烟。关于重新进入的具体复发触发因素知之甚少。本研究探讨了从无烟监狱释放后立即恢复吸烟的情境，情感和动机的前因。对190名监禁前吸烟的成年人进行了释放前、释放后1天和7天的评估。那些在释放后7天内报告吸烟的人被问及他们第一支烟的情况。三分之二的人报告在释放后7天内吸烟（第一天的76%），平均在释放后21小时内吸第一支烟。吸烟发生更快的女性比男性和那些谁计划吸烟后释放（ps从0.05-0.001）。41%的参与者在等车或回家的路上吸烟，68%的人第一次吸烟，28%的人在与他人团聚时第一次吸烟，42%的人第一次吸烟，26%的人第一次吸烟是为了庆祝。吸烟前最多的情绪是快乐（60%）或兴奋（41.5%）。据报告，可以预防吸烟的因素是避免其他吸烟者（27%），避免压力（16%），不喝酒/吸毒（12%），以及无法获得香烟（11%）。当周围有其他吸烟者，使用其他物质，并处于积极的情绪中时，吸烟率会迅速上升。需要专门针对这些因素并在释放后立即采取的干预措施，以帮助维持人们所期望的禁欲。
Most adults return to smoking following enforced tobacco abstinence when incarcerated in U.S. prisons. Little is known about the specific relapse triggers on re-entry. This study examines situational, affective, and motivational antecedents of return to smoking immediately following release from a tobacco-free prison. Assessments were administered pre-release and 1 and 7 days post-release to 190 incarcerated adults who were smokers prior to incarceration. Those reporting smoking within 7 days post-release were asked about circumstances surrounding their first cigarette. Two-thirds reported smoking in the 7 days following release (76% of those in the first day) with the first cigarette smoked 21 hours post-release on average. Smoking occurred more quickly for women than men and for those who planned to smoke after release (ps from 0.05–0.001). Forty-one percent of participants smoked while waiting for a ride or on the way home, 68% were given their first cigarette, 28% reported first smoking when reuniting with others, 42% first smoked with smokers, and 26% first smoked as celebration. The moods most reported before smoking were happy (60%) or excited (41.5%). Factors reported that could have prevented smoking were avoiding other smokers (27%), avoiding stress (16%), not drinking/using drugs (12%), and not having access to cigarettes (11%). High rates of return to smoking occurred rapidly when around other smokers, using other substances, and in a positive mood. Interventions that focus specifically on these factors and can be immediately accessed upon release are required to help sustain people’s desired abstinence.