Towards increased reliability by objectification of Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) of automated automotive systems
Towards increased reliability by objectification of Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) of automated automotive systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssci.2017.03.024
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Jennings, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khastgir, Siddartha;Birrell, Stewart;Jennings, Paul
危险分析和风险评估（HARA）在汽车、航空和过程工业等各个领域都存在有效性和可靠性问题。虽然人们越来越重视这一问题，但解决这些问题的办法有限。在汽车领域，HARA受到ISO 26262国际标准的影响，该标准详细说明了道路车辆的功能安全。虽然ISO 26262是分析危害和风险的重要一步，但与其他领域一样，它也受到可靠性问题的困扰。在本文中，作者讨论了汽车HARA过程。在暴露标准详细描述的HARA过程的可靠性挑战的同时，作者提出了一种克服可靠性问题的方法。方法。通过创建用于汽车HARA的规则集来获得，以通过参数化汽车HARA的各个组件来确定汽车安全完整性等级（ASIL），即，严重性、暴露和可控性。通过举办一个有国际功能安全专家参加的研讨会，对最初的一套规则进行了测试，该研讨会为严重性和可控性评级提供了规则。基于实验的定性结果，重新校准了规则集。所提出的HARA方法通过创建一个规则集证明减少变异。然而，需要注意的是，这套规则需要详尽无遗或得到充分解释，以避免任何程度的主观解释，这种解释是造成差异和不可靠的根源。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) in various domains like automotive, aviation, and process industry suffers from the issues of validity and reliability. While there has been an increasing appreciation of this subject, there have been limited approaches to overcome these issues. In the automotive domain, HARA is influenced by the ISO 26262 international standard which details functional safety of road vehicles. While ISO 26262 was a major step towards analysing hazards and risks, like other domains, it is also plagued by the issues of reliability. In this paper, the authors discuss the automotive HARA process. While exposing the reliability challenges of the HARA process detailed by the standard, the authors present an approach to overcome the reliability issues. The approach. is obtained by creating a rule-set for automotive HARA to determine the Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) by parametrizing the individual components of an automotive HARA, i.e., severity, exposure and controllability. The initial rule-set was put to test by conducting a workshop involving international functional safety experts as participants in an experiment where rules were provided for severity and controllability ratings. Based on the qualitative results of the experiments, the rule-set was re-calibrated. The proposed HARA approach by the creation of a rule-set demonstrated reduction in variation. However, the caveat lies in the fact that the rule-set needs to be exhaustive or sufficiently explained in order to avoid any degree of subjective interpretation which is a source of variation and unreliability. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.