Measurements of the NO y ‐N2O correlation in the lower stratosphere: Latitudinal and seasonal changes and model comparisons
Measurements of the NO y ‐N2O correlation in the lower stratosphere: Latitudinal and seasonal changes and model comparisons
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平流层低层 NO y ‐N2O 相关性的测量：纬度和季节变化以及模型比较
DOI：
10.1029/96jd03921
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. R. Chan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Keim;M. Loewenstein;J. Podolske;D. Fahey;R. Gao;E. Woodbridge;R. C. Wamsley;S. Donnelly;L. A. D. Negro;C. Nevison;S. Solomon;K. Rosenlof;C. Scott;M. Ko;D. Weisenstein;K. R. Chan
作为NASA机载南半球臭氧考察/平流层飞机影响评估测量（ASHOE/MAESA）和大气运输平流层示踪剂（STRAT）任务的一部分，NASA ER-2高空飞机上搭载的仪器对示踪剂氧化亚氮（N2O）和活性氮储层（NOy）进行了原位测量。在1994年3月至10月和1995年10月至1996年1月期间，在南纬70°至60°N的整个纬度范围内进行了测量，其中包括南极极涡最强烈的时期。NOy与N2O的相关图在平流层下部（50 mbar至200 mbar）获得的数据中显示出紧凑的近线性曲线。相关系数的平均斜率ΔNOy/ΔN2O在南半球（SH）表现出比北半球（NH）更大的季节变化。在势温400 ~ 525 K范围内，3 ~ 10月SH中纬度相关斜率增大28%。在SH极涡内或附近获得的高纬度数据中，相关斜率有较小但仍为正的增加。在NH中纬度地区，3 - 10月的相关斜率变化不显著，而10 - 1月的相关斜率增加了+7%。SH中纬度较大的增加与整个冬季和春季的持续下降是一致的，这也表明反硝化作用，即通过云颗粒沉降的HNO3的不可逆损失，在SH中纬度冬季NOy预算中不是一个显著项（< 10-15%）。通过与1987年机载南极臭氧考察（AAOE）飞机运动期间获得的SH数据进行比较，排除了相关斜率的长期增加。这些结果表明，南北半球的相关斜率存在季节性循环，在夏令春夏季，夏令相关斜率回归到4月份的值。平流层环流的变化也可能在SH和NH相关斜率季节循环中起作用。与二维模式结果的比较表明，反硝化南极涡旋在春季解体时被稀释到中纬度地区，坡度减小，而在随后的秋冬期，通过平流层空气的下降，坡度恢复。
The tracer species nitrous oxide, N2O, and the reactive nitrogen reservoir, NOy, were measured in situ using instrumentation carried aboard the NASA ER-2 high altitude aircraft as part of the NASA Airborne Southern Hemisphere Ozone Expedition/Measurements for Assessing the Effects of Stratospheric Aircraft (ASHOE/MAESA) and Stratospheric Tracers of Atmospheric Transport (STRAT) missions. Measurements were made throughout the latitude range of 70°S to 60°N over the time period of March to October 1994 and October 1995 to January 1996, which includes the period when the Antarctic polar vortex is most intense. The correlation plots of NOy with N2O reveal compact, near-linear curves throughout data obtained in the lower stratosphere (50 mbar to 200 mbar). The average slope of the correlation, ΔNOy/ΔN2O, in the southern hemisphere (SH) exhibited a much larger seasonal variation during this time period than was observed in the northern hemisphere (NH). Between March and October in the potential temperature range of 400 K to 525 K, the correlation slope in the SH midlatitudes increased by 28%. A smaller but still positive increase in the correlation slope was observed for higher-latitude data obtained within or near the edge of the SH polar vortex. At NH midlatitudes the correlation slope did not significantly change between March and October, while between October and January the slope increased by +7%. The larger SH midlatitude increase is consistent with ongoing descent throughout the winter and spring and also suggests that denitrification, the irreversible loss of HNO3 through sedimentation of cloud particles, is not a significant term (<10–15%) in the budget of NOy at SH midlatitudes during the wintertime. A secular increase in the correlation slope is ruled out by comparison with SH data obtained during the 1987 Airborne Antarctic Ozone Expedition (AAOE) aircraft campaign. These results suggest that a seasonal cycle exists in the correlation slope for both hemispheres, with the SH correlation slope returning to the April value during the SH spring and summer. Changes in stratospheric circulation also probably play a role in both the SH and the NH correlation slope seasonal cycles. Comparisons with two-dimensional model results suggest that the slope decreases when the denitrified Antarctic vortex is diluted into midlatitudes upon vortex breakup in the spring and that through the descent of stratospheric air, the slope recovers during the following fall/winter period.
Kondo,Y.：“1990 年 1 月在北极平流层观察到的活性氮、臭氧和硝酸盐气溶胶”J.Geophys.Res。
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