Designing for others: the roles of narrative and empathy in supporting girls’ engineering engagement
Designing for others: the roles of narrative and empathy in supporting girls’ engineering engagement
复制标题
为他人设计：叙事和同理心在支持女孩工程参与中的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Susan M. Letourneau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Peppler;A. Keune;M. Dahn;Dorothy Bennett;Susan M. Letourneau
目的
科学博物馆为开发和测试工程活动提供了一个环境，这些活动支持参观者创造有意义的个人物品。本研究的目的是提出，在这样的工程活动的叙事设计元素可以培养同情心，以支持7-14岁的女孩工程参与。
设计/方法/方式
以建构主义的方法来工程设计，作者提出了一个观察性研究（n = 202女孩）的工程活动在三个博物馆，旨在促进女孩的工程参与整合叙事元素，旨在促进活动中的同情心。使用观察协议的定量计数，作者进行了统计分析，以探索叙事，工程和同理心之间的关系。
结果
线性回归表明，在博物馆活动中，共情和工程实践数量增加之间存在统计学显著关系。此外，这促使我们探索潜在的叙事设计元素可能对设计移情的影响-多重线性回归发现叙事和移情都与工程实践独立相关。总的来说，作者发现，使用叙事来设计活动以引起同情心，导致女孩展示更多的工程实践。
独创性/价值
作者提供了一些设计理念来培养同理心，包括以用户为中心的设计，换位思考，熟悉和帮助的愿望。
Purpose
Science museums provide a context for developing and testing engineering activities that support visitors in creating personally meaningful objects. This study aims to propose that narrative design elements in such engineering activities can foster empathy to support engineering engagement among girls ages 7–14.
Design/methodology/approach
Taking a constructionist approach to engineering design, the authors present results from an observational study (n = 202 girls) of engineering activities across three museums that were designed to foster girls’ engineering engagement by integrating narrative elements aimed to foster empathy in activities. Using quantitative counts from observation protocols, the authors conducted statistical analyses to explore relationships between narrative, engineering and empathy.
Findings
Linear regression demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between empathy and increased numbers of engineering practices within museum activities. Additionally, this led us to explore the impacts the potential narrative design elements may have on designing for empathy – multiple linear regressions found both narrative and empathy to be independently associated with engineering practices. Overall, the authors found that using narrative to design activities to elicit empathy resulted in girls demonstrating more engineering practices.
Originality/value
The authors offer design ideas to foster aspects of empathy, including user-centered design, perspective-taking, familiarity and desire to help.