Visual Priming Enhances the Effects of Nonspatial Cognitive Rehabilitation Training on Spatial Learning After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury.
Visual Priming Enhances the Effects of Nonspatial Cognitive Rehabilitation Training on Spatial Learning After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury.
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DOI：
10.1177/1545968315570326
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wagner AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards CM;Kumar K;Koesarie K;Brough E;Ritter AC;Brayer SW;Thiels E;Skidmore ER;Wagner AK
先前的工作表明，空间（外显）和非空间（内隐）的Morris水迷宫（MWM）任务中的位置学习的元素可以分离和检查的实验性创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的背景下。与未经训练的对照组相比，受伤后提供非空间认知训练（CT）可以改善位置学习。在本研究中，我们假设，短暂暴露于额外的迷宫线索，结合CT，可能会进一步提高MWM的性能和额外的迷宫线索利用率相比，单独CT。成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（n=66）接受受控皮质撞击（CCI）损伤或假手术。从手术后D8开始，CCI和Sham大鼠接受6天的无训练（NT）或认知训练，有/没有短暂的、非情境化的暴露于迷宫外线索（分别为BE和CT）。进行了采集（D14-D18）、可见平台（VP; D19）、残留（CO; D20-D26）和定期探针试验。评估了平台延迟、外周和靶区时间分配以及搜索策略。CCI/BE大鼠比CCI/NT大鼠具有更短的获得试验潜伏期（p<0.001），并且比CCI/CT大鼠具有更短的潜伏期（p<0.10）。与CCI/NT相比，BE和CT均减少CCI大鼠的外周区游泳。相对于CCI/CT，CCI/BE动物从D14至D18增加了空间游泳策略，并显示出与Sham/NT组相似的游泳策略选择。这些数据表明，视觉启动改善初始位置学习的MWM。这些结果支持视觉启动反应作为另一个临床相关的实验康复结构，使用时，评估损伤和治疗效果的行为和药物治疗TBI后的认知。
Previous work demonstrates that spatial (explicit) and non-spatial (implicit) elements of place learning in the Morris water maze (MWM) task can be dissociated and examined in the context of experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Providing non-spatial cognitive training (CT) after injury can improve place learning compared to untrained controls. In the present study, we hypothesized that brief exposure to extra-maze cues, in conjunction with CT, may further improve MWM performance and extra-maze cue utilization compared to CT alone. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=66) received controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury or sham surgery. Beginning D8 post-surgery, CCI and Sham rats received 6 days to no training (NT) or cognitive training with/without brief, non-contextualized exposure to extra-maze cues (BE and CT, respectively). Acquisition (D14-D18), Visible Platform (VP; D19), Carryover (CO; D20-D26), and periodic probe trials were performed. Platform latencies, peripheral and target zone time allocation, and search strategies were assessed. CCI/BE rats had shorter acquisition trial latencies than CCI/NT (p<0.001) and tended to have shorter latencies than CCI/CT rats (p<0.10). Both BE and CT reduced peripheral zone swimming for CCI rats vs. CCI/NT. CCI/BE animals increased spatial swim strategies from D14 to D18 relative to CCI/CT and showed similar swim strategy selection to the Sham/NT group. These data suggest that visual priming improves initial place learning in the MWM. These results support the visual priming response as another clinically relevant experimental rehabilitation construct, to use when assessing injury and treatment effects of behavioral and pharmacological therapies on cognition after TBI.