Relationships between Urbanization Levels and the Industrial Structure of the Labor Force
Relationships between Urbanization Levels and the Industrial Structure of the Labor Force
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DOI：
10.1086/450932
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发表时间：
1976-10
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
H. Moir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Moir
对城市地区快速增长的担忧，加上工业化水平的小幅或适度增长，引发了一些分析，这些分析将当今发达国家的城市化水平和工业化指数与20世纪欠发达国家的情况进行了比较。发现的平均关系(无论是在全国范围内还是在纵向基础上)被用来定义城市化和工业化水平之间的预期“正常”关系。城镇化水平相对于工业化水平远高于“正常”关系水平的国家则被定义为因其工业发展水平而过度城市化。但关于过度城市化理论的用处和有效性，已经有了大量的辩论。这篇论文的一个主要批评是，使用中心倾向的衡量标准来定义单个国家进行比较的标准。2这种衡量中心倾向的标准既不能从理论上证明位于这条线上的国家在城市化和工业化领域正在经历“均衡”发展的假设，也不能证明
Concerns about rapid growth of urban areas combined with small or moderate increases in industrialization have given rise to analyses which compare levels of urbanization and indexes of industrialization either cross-nationally or for nineteenth-century conditions in the now developed countries as contrasted with twentieth-century conditions in the less-developed countries.' The average relationship found (either on the cross-national or longitudinal basis) is used to define an expected "normal" relationship between urbanization and industrialization levels. Countries which have levels of urbanization that are much higher relative to their levels of industrialization than those obtained for the "normal" relationship are then defined as being overurbanized for their level of industrial development. But there has been a prolific debate about the usefulness and validity of the overurbanization thesis. A major criticism of the thesis is the use of a measure of central tendency for defining the norm against which individual countries are compared.2 This measure of central tendency provides no theoretical justification either for the assumption that those countries which lie along this line are experiencing "balanced" development in the spheres of urbanization and industrialization, or for