Phylogenetic diversity-area curves
Phylogenetic diversity-area curves
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DOI：
10.1890/11-0435.1
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Ives, Anthony R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Helmus, Matthew R.;Ives, Anthony R.
系统发育多样性-面积曲线类似于物种-面积曲线，量化了物种组合的系统发育多样性与采样区域之间的关系。在这里，我们提出了这些曲线在不同生态和宏观进化过程下的理论期望。我们首先使用模拟生成了三种生态群落组装过程的预期曲线：物种分选，物种有不同的环境偏好；随机分布，物种没有环境偏好，但在群落中的流行程度不同；有限的扩散，物种没有环境偏好，但它们的扩散能力各不相同。其次，我们模拟了区域间定植、区域内物种形成和灭绝所产生的跨区域（例如，跨海洋岛屿）的预期曲线。我们还计算了两个数据集的曲线，一个是沿着海拔梯度的森林地块，另一个是加勒比岛的Anolis蜥蜴。在三个生态过程中，只有物种分选在系统发育多样性与面积之间产生了较强的关系。森林图曲线符合物种分类的预期，但只有当系统发育排斥（导致在相似的栖息地中发现密切相关的物种，而不是在相同的图中发现）也包括在模拟中。如果物种仅来自区域内的物种形成，则模拟了区域系统发育多样性与面积之间的密切关系；各地区之间的殖民化掩盖了这种模式。同样，较大的加勒比岛屿比较小的岛屿有更多的岛内物种形成和包含更多的Anolis系统发育多样性，但岛屿之间的殖民化掩盖了这种关系。这项工作进一步加深了我们对控制生态群落和生物地理区域系统发育多样性的过程的理解。
Phylogenetic diversity-area curves are analogous to species-area curves and quantify the relationship between the phylogenetic diversity of species assemblages and the area over which assemblages are sampled. Here, we developed theoretical expectations of these curves under different ecological and macroevolutionary processes. We first used simulations to generate curves expected under three ecological community assembly processes: species sorting, where species have distinct environmental preferences; random placement, where species have no environmental preference but vary in their prevalence across communities; and limited dispersal, where species have no environmental preference but vary in their ability to disperse. Second, we simulated curves expected across regions (e.g., across oceanic islands) that are derived from colonization among regions, within-region speciation, and extinction. We also computed curves for two data sets, one on forest plots along an elevation gradient and the other on Caribbean island Anolis lizards. Of the three ecological processes, only species sorting produced strong relationships between phylogenetic diversity and area. The forest plot curves matched the species-sorting expectation, but only when phylogenetic repulsion (that caused closely related species to be found in similar habitats but not in the same plots) was also included in the simulation. Strong relationships between regional phylogenetic diversity and area were simulated if species were derived only from within-region speciation; colonizations among regions obscured the pattern. Similarly, larger Caribbean islands had more within-island speciation and contained more Anolis phylogenetic diversity than smaller islands, but colonizations among islands obscured this relationship. This work furthers our understanding of the processes that govern the phylogenetic diversity of ecological communities and biogeographic regions.