Piscinoodinium, a fish-ectoparasitic dinoflagellate, is a member of the class Dinophyceae, subclass Gymnodiniphycidae:: Convergent evolution with Amyloodinium
Piscinoodinium, a fish-ectoparasitic dinoflagellate, is a member of the class Dinophyceae, subclass Gymnodiniphycidae:: Convergent evolution with Amyloodinium
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DOI：
10.1645/ge-3585.1
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Noga, Edward J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levy, Michael G.;Litaker, R. Wayne;Noga, Edward J.
所有寄生在鱼类皮肤和鳃上的甲藻传统上都被归为芽甲藻纲。它们的相关性主要是基于与宿主相似的依恋模式，即，带有固定器的连接盘。最近的分子遗传学分析的结果已经将这些寄生虫，包括Amylodinium，转移到甲藻纲，多甲藻亚纲。在我们的研究中，一种寄生甲藻的小亚基rDNA基因具有鱼甲藻属物种的特征，典型的营养体，附着盘上有根囊，寄生在淡水热带鱼的皮肤上，将这种生物体归入甲藻亚纲Gymnominiphyphyphae。这表明鱼甲藻属的亲缘关系较近。包括共生体的甲藻，例如，共生藻属物种和自由生活的藻类，例如，匙羹藤属这些分子和形态学数据表明，这种模式的鱼类体外寄生的进化独立发生在2个远亲的甲藻群，他们进一步表明，寄生虫的分类地位，Piscinodinium的成员分组需要重大修订。
All dinoflagellates that infest the skin and gills of fish have traditionally been placed within the class Blastodiniphyceae. Their relatedness was primarily based upon a similar mode of attachment to the host, i.e., attachment disc with holdfasts. Results of recent molecular genetic analyses have transferred these parasites, including Amyloodinium, to the class Dinophyceae, subclass Peridiniphycidae. In our study, a small subunit rDNA gene from a parasitic dinoflagellate that has features diagnostic for species in the genus Piscinoodinium, i.e., typical trophont with attachment disc having rhizocysts, infesting the skin of freshwater tropical fish, places this organism within the dinophycean subclass Gymnodiniphycidae. This suggests a close relationship of Piscinoodinium spp. to dinoflagellates that include symbionts, e.g., species of Symbiodinium, and free-living algae, e.g., Gymnodinium spp. These molecular and morphological data suggest that evolution of this mode of fish ectoparasitism occurred independently in 2 distantly related groups of dinoflagellates, and they further suggest that the taxonomic status of parasites grouped as members of Piscinoodinium requires major revision.