Sleep and circadian influences on blood alcohol concentration.
Sleep and circadian influences on blood alcohol concentration.
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睡眠和昼夜节律对血液酒精浓度的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/sleep/zsad250
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Carskadon,MaryA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller,MaryBeth;Cofresí,RobertoU;McCarthy,DenisM;Carskadon,MaryA
研究目的有趣的是，成年人在疲劳或睡眠不足的日子里会达到更高的主观醉酒水平，但在临床环境中，睡眠通常不会被视为血液酒精浓度（BAC）的预测因子。为了告知临床工作和未来的研究，这一观点回顾了研究睡眠影响的数据，（过程S）和昼夜节律MethodsLiterature search of medical and psychological databases were conducted to identify articles that manipulated sleep/circadian factors and reported effects on indicators of alcohol pharmacology结果在86篇全文回顾的文章中，有21篇符合纳入标准。研究包括一天中的时间，昼夜节律阶段（过程C的证据）和床上时间（过程S的证据）的操作。一天中的时间对酒精药理学的影响的证据是最引人注目的。研究还提供了昼夜节律相位效应的证据，但未能找到支持卧床时间效应的证据。虽然结果并不统一的研究，大多数证据表明，从人类和动物模型的峰值BAC发生在开始的生物一天，与一些研究表明酒精消除率较慢，在这个时间.ConclusionsCircadian因素可能会影响酒精的药代动力学，也许是由于改变消除酒精从体内。这意味着，如果人们在早晨（对大多数人来说，昼夜节律警报较低）喝酒，他们可能会达到更高的BAC。酒精预防和干预工作应强调睡眠/昼夜健康是酒精相关伤害的潜在因素。
Study ObjectivesAnecdotally, adults reach higher levels of subjective intoxication on days they are fatigued or sleep-deprived, but sleep is not typically discussed as a predictor of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in clinical settings. To inform clinical work and future research, this perspective reviews data examining the impact of sleep (process S) and circadian (process C) factors on indicators of BAC in humans and animal models.MethodsLiterature searches of medical and psychological databases were conducted to identify articles that manipulated sleep/circadian factors and reported effects on indicators of alcohol pharmacology (e.g. BAC, alcohol metabolism).ResultsOf the 86 full-text articles reviewed, 21 met inclusion criteria. Studies included manipulations of time of day, circadian phase (evidence for process C), and time in bed (evidence for process S). Evidence for time-of-day effects on alcohol pharmacology was most compelling. Studies also provided evidence for circadian phase effects, but failed to find support for time-in-bed effects. Although results were not uniform across studies, most evidence from human and animal models indicates that peak BACs occur toward the beginning of the biological day, with some studies indicating slower alcohol elimination rates at this time.ConclusionsCircadian factors likely influence alcohol pharmacokinetics, perhaps due to altered elimination of alcohol from the body. This means that individuals may reach higher BACs if they drink during the morning (when, for most people, circadian alerting is low) versus other times of the day. Alcohol prevention and intervention efforts should highlight sleep/circadian health as a potential contributor to alcohol-related harm.