"How Long Will I Suffer?" versus "How Long Will You Suffer?" A self-other effect in affective forecasting
"How Long Will I Suffer?" versus "How Long Will You Suffer?" A self-other effect in affective forecasting
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DOI：
10.1037/a0011619
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Igou, Eric R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Igou, Eric R.
这项研究提供的证据表明，人们预测对他人的负面影响的持续时间比对自己的负面影响的持续时间更长。有人认为，这种自我他人效应是基于减少负面情感体验的心理策略知识的不对称可用性。具体来说，因为人们对自己的应对策略有可用的了解，所以他们在预测自己的影响时会使用这些信息。缺乏有关他人应对策略的信息会导致对其他人的影响持续时间进行更长的预测，从而产生自我他人效应。一系列研究证明了这种自我他者效应、其来源及其边界条件。具体来说，自我他人效应发生在消极事件上，而不是发生在积极事件上，当参与者预测对不熟悉的他人的影响持续时间时，这种影响比参与者预测对熟悉的他人的影响持续时间更强，并且自我相对于其他人对情感预测的影响是由有关应对策略的知识的可用性来调节的。此外，排除了自我他人效应的其他解释。讨论了情感预测偏差的影响。
This research presents evidence that people predict longer durations of negative affect for others than for themselves. It is argued that this self-other effect is based on the asymmetric availability of knowledge about psychological strategies that reduce negative affective experiences. Specifically, because people have available knowledge about their own coping strategies, they use this information when making predictions about their affect. The lack of information about others' coping strategies leads to longer predictions of affect duration for others, creating the self-other effect. A series of studies demonstrated this self-other effect, its source, and its boundary conditions. Specifically, the self-other effect occurred for negative but not for positive events, it was stronger when participants predicted affect duration for unfamiliar others than when participants predicted affect duration for familiar others, and the impact of the self versus other focus on affective forecasts was mediated by the availability of knowledge about coping strategies. In addition, alternative explanations for the self-other effect were ruled out. The implications for biases in affective forecasting are discussed.