Integrating Morphological and Physiological Responses of Tomato Plants to Light Quality to the Crop Level by 3D Modeling
Integrating Morphological and Physiological Responses of Tomato Plants to Light Quality to the Crop Level by 3D Modeling
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2019.00839
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发表时间：
2019-07-11
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Dueck, Tom A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dieleman, J. Anja;De Visser, Pieter H. B.;Dueck, Tom A.
除了其强度，光的光谱组成是影响植物生长和形态的最重要的因素之一。发光二极管(LED)的引入为工厂生产系统设计最佳光谱提供了前景。然而，关于光质量对植物生理过程的影响的知识仍然有限。本研究的目的是确定6种光质对番茄幼苗生长和植株构型的影响，并利用多光谱、功能结构的植物模型将这些影响提升到作物水平。番茄幼苗生长在210mmolm(-2)S(-1)蓝、绿、琥珀、红、白或红/蓝(92%/8%)LED灯下，光照强度较低。在蓝光下生长的植株较短，叶片较小，倾斜向上。在蓝光下生长的叶片含有最高水平的捕光色素，但当只暴露在蓝光下时，它们的光合作用速率最低。然而，当暴露在白光下时，这些叶子的光合作用速率最高。绿光下，番茄植株较高，叶片近水平取向，比叶面积较大。开放的植物结构与叶片水平的高透光率和反射率相结合，使绿光能够更深地穿透树冠。在红光、琥珀光和白光下生长的植株在高度、叶面积和生物量方面具有可比性。3D模型模拟表明，观测到的植物结构变化对叶片和作物水平的光吸收有显着影响，植物结构和依赖于光谱的光合作用相结合，最初在绿光下生长的植物在红光下的作物光合作用速率最高。这些结果表明，动态光谱可能为提高温室园艺和垂直农业等高价值生产系统的生长和产量提供前景。
Next to its intensity, the spectral composition of light is one of the most important factors affecting plant growth and morphology. The introduction of light emitting diodes (LEDs) offers perspectives to design optimal light spectra for plant production systems. However, knowledge on the effects of light quality on physiological plant processes is still limited. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of six light qualities on growth and plant architecture of young tomato plants, and to upscale these effects to the crop level using a multispectral, functional-structural plant model. Young tomato plants were grown under 210 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) blue, green, amber, red, white or red/blue (92%/8%) LED light with a low intensity of sunlight as background. Plants grown under blue light were shorter and developed smaller leaves which were obliquely oriented upward. Leaves grown under blue light contained the highest levels of light harvesting pigments, but when exposed to blue light only, they had the lowest rate of leaf photosynthesis. However, when exposed to white light these leaves had the highest rate of photosynthesis. Under green light, tomato plants were taller and leaves were nearly horizontally oriented, with a high specific leaf area. The open plant structure combined with a high light transmission and reflection at the leaf level allowed green light to penetrate deeper into the canopy. Plants grown under red, amber and white light were comparable with respect to height, leaf area and biomass production. The 3D model simulations indicated that the observed changes in plant architecture had a significant impact on light absorbance at the leaf and crop level The combination of plant architecture and spectrum dependent photosynthesis was found to result in the highest rate of crop photosynthesis under red light in plants initially grown under green light. These results suggest that dynamic light spectra may offer perspectives to increase growth and production in high value production systems such as greenhouse horticulture and vertical farming.