Interspecific hybridization in Lily (Lilium): Taxonomic and commercial aspects of using species hybrids in breeding
Interspecific hybridization in Lily (Lilium): Taxonomic and commercial aspects of using species hybrids in breeding
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
K. Lim;R. Gonzalez;Shujun Zhou;M. Ramanna;J. M. Tuyl
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作者：
K. Lim;R. Gonzalez;Shujun Zhou;M. Ramanna;J. M. Tuyl
以产生结合重要农艺性状的新百合群体为主要目标，在亚洲百合、长花百合和东方百合这三个最重要的百合群体之间进行了大量杂交，并对一些物种进行了杂交，以产生F1种间杂种。这些杂交种以及许多其他F1杂交种都是不育的，有两种方法被用来克服不育性：i)通过化学物质进行染色体加倍；ii)使用自然发生或诱导的未减数(2n)配子。第一种方法产生了许多可育的杂种，但由于异源四倍体的自交配对，DNA原位杂交技术(GISH)没有检测到重组，也没有实现导入。另一方面，通过广泛的减数分裂分析和花粉萌发试验，我们选择了能够产生2n配子的杂交种，在某些情况下，我们还选择了能够诱导2n配子的杂交种。通过GISH和FISH分析，在正反交中获得了大量植株，并检测到重组和渗入。在这一章中，我们介绍了利用自然发生的和诱导的2n配子从不同的分类亚科培育百合的成功案例。描述了2n配子形成的机制，并对它们用于实现渐渗和产生变异性的遗传因素进行了研究。
With the main goal of generating new groups of lilies, that combine agronomic characteristics of major importance, a large number of crosses were performed among the three most important groups of lilies (Lilium), viz., Asiatic, Longiflorum and Oriental; and to some species, to produce F1 inter-specific hybrids. These hybrids, as well as many other F1 hybrids, were sterile and two approaches were used to overcome sterility: i) chromosome doubling through chemicals and ii) the use of naturally occurring or induced unreduced (2n) gametes. The first approach produced many fertile hybrids, however, due to autosyndetic pairing in the allotetraploids, recombination was not detected through DNA in situ hybridization techniques (GISH), and introgression was not achieved. On the other hand, through extensive meiotic analyses and pollen germination tests, we selected hybrids that were able to produce 2n gametes, and in some cases, hybrids in which 2n gametes could be induced. Many plants were obtained in reciprocal backcrosses and recombination as well as introgression was detected through GISH and FISH analyses. In this chapter we present the success in breeding lilies from different taxonomical sections through the use of naturally occurring and induced 2n gametes. The mechanisms of 2n gamete formation are described and the genetic considerations of their use to achieve introgression and to generate variability are examined.