Comparison of divisional morphogenesis in four morphologically different clones of the genus Gonostomum and update of the natural hypotrich system (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida)
Comparison of divisional morphogenesis in four morphologically different clones of the genus Gonostomum and update of the natural hypotrich system (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida)
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DOI：
10.1016/s0932-4739(99)80020-0
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发表时间：
1999-02-25
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Eigner, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eigner, P
描述并比较了具有四个横毛的多大核 Gonostomum kuehnelti Foissner, 1987（克隆 I）的克隆和具有两个大核片段的 Gonostomum affine (Stein, 1859) Sterki, 1878 的三个克隆的分裂形态发生，并使用 protargol 浸渍进行了比较。 G. affine 的三个克隆的不同之处在于具有两个（克隆 II）、四个（克隆 III）和六个（克隆 IV）横向纤毛，而所有克隆在近端膜和横向纤毛之间完全缺乏腹侧纤毛。早期形态发生过程表明，所有四个克隆均发育出尖毛科 Ehrenberg（1838）的家族特征：“neokinetal 3”原基和长初级原基。只有克隆 I 通过口腔原基产生 Proter 的第一（左）额卷云而表现出显着的形态发生差异。克隆 II 至 IV 会从头产生这种卷云。中间分隔物和间期标本的生物测定揭示了克隆 I 中由 6 个腹侧原基产生的不变的卷曲模式，而克隆 II-IV 中则发育有 6 或 7 个腹侧原基、1 或 2 个左边缘行和 2 到 4 个大核片段。然而，所有四个克隆在缺乏腹侧纤毛的情况下都是稳定的，并且令人惊讶的是，克隆 II-IV 在其不同数量的横向纤毛方面也是稳定的（不重叠）。然而，克隆 II-IV 中的形态差异被认为可能是 G. affine 的多态性状态。对最近发表的形态发生数据进行了分析，显示在示意性计算机绘图中，并添加到自然缺毛系统中：由于 neokinetal 3 原基和较长的初级原基发育，1888 年，Lamtostyla edaphoni 被转移到尖毛科中的 Amphisiella Gourret Acid Roeser 属。 Onychodromopsis flexilis 也被归入尖毛科，因为它具有新运动 3 和长初级原基，而 Sterkiella histriomuscorum 产生“新动素 1”原基并且不存在长初级原基，因此它被归入 Parakahliellidae 科。计算机生成的树是使用 MacClade 和 PAUP 程序呈现的，由 42 个经过形态发生研究的亚毛虫物种组成，在 15 个州有 6 个性状。为同音字 Clara，属名 Tetmemena nom。十一月建议。
Divisional morphogenesis of a clone of the multimacro-nucleate Gonostomum kuehnelti Foissner, 1987 (clone I), with four transverse cirri and of three clones of Gonostomum affine (Stein, 1859) Sterki, 1878, with two macronuclear segments are described and compared using protargol impregnation. The three clones of G. affine differ in having two (clone II), four (clone III) and six (clone IV) transverse cirri, whereas all clones completely lack ventral cirri between proximal membranelles and transverse cirri. Early morphogenetic processes show that all four clones develop the family characters of the Oxytrichidae Ehrenberg, 1838: "neokinetal 3" anlagen and long primary primordia. Only clone I shows a significant morphogenetic difference by generating proter's first (left) frontal cirrus by the oral primordium. Clones II to IV generate this cirrus de novo. Biometry of middle dividers and specimens in interphase reveals an invariable cirral pattern generated from six ventral anlagen in clone I, whereas six or seven ventral anlagen, one or two left marginal rows and two to four macronuclear segments develop in clones II-IV. All four clones are, however, stable in the lack of ventral cirri and, surprisingly, clones II-IV are also stable (not overlapping) in their different number of transverse cirri. Nevertheless, morphologic differences in clones II-IV are considered to be probably polymorphic states of G. affine. Recently published morphogenetic data are analyzed, shown in schematized computer drawings and added to the natural hypotrich system: Lamtostyla edaphoni is transferred to the genus Amphisiella Gourret acid Roeser, 1888 within the family Oxytrichidae because of neokinetal 3 anlagen and long primary primordia development. Onychodromopsis flexilis is also assigned to the Oxytrichidae because of neokinetal 3 and long primary primordia, whereas Sterkiella histriomuscorum generates "neokinetal 1" anlagen and long primary primordia are absent and therefore it is assigned to the family Parakahliellidae. A computer generated tree is presented using the programs MacClade and PAUP and consisting of 42 morphogenetically investigated hypotrich species with 6 characters in 15 states. For the homonym Clara the genus name Tetmemena nom. nov. is suggested.