Salivary cortisol level, salivary flow rate, and masticatory muscle activity in response to acute mental stress:: A comparison between aged and young women
Salivary cortisol level, salivary flow rate, and masticatory muscle activity in response to acute mental stress:: A comparison between aged and young women
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DOI：
10.1159/000080176
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Jensen, BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bakke, M;Tuxen, A;Jensen, BR
背景：年龄对生理应激反应的影响，包括唾液皮质醇浓度、唾液流速和咀嚼肌活动的变化，以及对急性应激源的相应感知的精神应激和表现，尚未得到充分的描述。目的：因此，本研究的目的是评估这些变量在计算机任务方面对轻微急性和自然应激源的反应中的年龄相关变化。方法：通过个人接触和传单的方式，招募年龄在60 ~ 70岁之间的女性13名，年龄在20 ~ 30岁之间的女性13名。受试者健康，牙弓完整，无口腔面部疼痛。计算机任务是随机的，包括一项脑力要求较高的改良Stroop颜色-单词测试（CWT）和一项要求较低的参考测试，两项测试都持续20分钟，体力要求相同。采用视觉模拟量表全面评估精神压力和感知任务难度和表现，测量唾液流速和皮质醇浓度（未刺激的全唾液），以及颞肌和咬肌表面肌电图进行评估，并采用Spearman相关分析和重复测量的方差分析进行统计评估。结果：老年女性的感知任务压力和任务难度显著高于老年女性，对任务绩效的个人满意度显著低于老年女性。表明压力水平的皮质醇浓度在对任务的反应中显示出微小但显著的增加。唾液流速也增加了。这种反应在老年人和CWT期间最为明显。平均肌电图在不同年龄组和不同任务之间差异显著，老年妇女和CWT的水平较高，相对周期较短，存在差距。此外，鼠标点击时下颌提升肌的峰值活动作为一种共同激活或注意相关活动的形式显着升高。结论：老年女性与年轻女性在心理需求反应上存在显著差异。通过唾液皮质醇浓度、唾液流速、视觉模拟评分和下颌提升肌活动水平的增加反映出的精神压力在老年妇女对计算机任务的反应中更为明显。版权所有(C) 2004 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。
Background: Age-related effects on physiological stress reactions regarding changes in salivary cortisol concentration, saliva flow rate, and masticatory muscle activity, as well as the corresponding perceived mental stress and performance in response to acute stressors, have not yet been fully described. Objective: Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the age-related variations in these variables in response to minor acute and naturalistic stressors in terms of computer tasks. Methods: 13 aged (60-70 years old) and 13 young (20-30 years old) women with frequent practice and long experience with computer use were recruited by personal contact and flyers. The subjects were healthy and had full dental arches and no orofacial pain. The computer tasks were randomized and comprised a mentally demanding, modified Stroop colour-word test (CWT) and a less demanding reference test, both with a duration of 20 min and with equal physical demand. Visual analogue scales for global assessment of mental stress and perceived task difficulty and performance, measurements of saliva flow rate and cortisol concentration (unstimulated whole saliva), as well as surface electromyography of the temporalis and masseter muscles were used for assessment, and Spearman correlation analysis and Anova with repeated measures were used for statistical evaluation. Results: The perceived task-related stress and task difficulty were significantly higher and the personal satisfaction with the task performance significantly poorer in the aged women. The cortisol concentration, indicating the stress level, showed a small, but significant increase in response to the tasks. Also the saliva flow rate increased. This response was most pronounced in the aged and during the CWT. The average electromyogram varied significantly between age groups and tasks, with higher levels and shorter relative periods with gaps in the aged women and in the CWT. In addition, the peak activity of the jaw elevator muscles at mouse clicking was significantly elevated as a form of co-activation or attention-related activity. Conclusions: The study showed marked differences in the response to mental demands in aged as compared with young women. The mental stress, reflected by increases of salivary cortisol concentration, saliva flow rate, visual analogue scale ratings, and activity level of the jaw elevator muscles, was more pronounced in the aged women in response to the computer tasks. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.