Effects of field attack by Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the morphology and nutritional quality fresh fruit of Citrus sinensis L.
Effects of field attack by Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the morphology and nutritional quality fresh fruit of Citrus sinensis L.
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头状实蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）田间侵袭对柑橘鲜果形态及营养品质的影响。
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Alabi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. A. Omoloye;O. Oladapo;O. Ibitoye;O. Alabi
橙子（Citrus sinensis L.）是尼日利亚重要的水果作物，成熟时其产量受到果蝇Ceratitiscapitata侵袭的严重限制，导致严重的产量损失。C的攻击效果。capitata对果实形态和营养特性的影响。对尼日利亚西南部的中华绒螯蟹进行了调查。在尼日利亚西南部的Ede（Osun州）和Olodo（奥贡州）两个种植园点随机选择25株胸径>45 cm的柑橘母树。从每棵树的四个主要部分随机采摘的十个成熟果实根据侵染水平进行分类。攻击对果实形态的影响进行了评估标准测量，而对果实品质的影响，确定了工业和矿物分析。结果表明，C. capitata的特点是产卵穿刺，使果实易于继发感染青霉。果实在表面上的任何点都受到攻击，但在距果柄疤痕约2cm处明显更多。多次袭击没有规律可循。C.水果攻击结果表明，随着为害程度的增加，西瓜果实含水量显著降低（P <0.05），矿质元素、钙、磷、铜、锌、铁含量显著降低（P<0.05），干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维含量显著降低（P<0.05）。果实感染也导致维生素C含量显著下降约50%，但增加蔗糖，麦芽糖和葡萄糖含量约10%。
关键词：柑桔，多重侵染，结球实蝇，果实形态计量学，点青霉
The sweet orange, Citrus sinensis L. is an important fruit crop in Nigeria and its production is seriously constrained at maturity by attack of the fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata which results in severe yield loss. Effects of attack by C. capitata on fruit morphology and nutritional characteristics of C. sinensis from selected sites in southwest Nigeria were investigated. Twenty five mother citrus trees with >45 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were randomly selected at two plantation sites: Ede (Osun state) and Olodo (Ogun state) in southwestern Nigeria. Ten mature fruits, plucked randomly from four cardinal sections of each tree were classified based on levels of infestation. Effects of attack on fruit morphometrics were assessed by standard measurements while the effects on fruit quality were determined by proximate and mineral analyses. Results indicated that attack by C. capitata was characterized by oviposition punctures which predisposed the fruit to secondary infection by Penicillium notatum. Fruits were attacked at any point on the surface but significantly more at about 2 cm from the fruit stalk scar. Multiple attacks did not follow a regular pattern. Fruit attack by C. capitata significantly decreased moisture content of fruit by 79% and mineral content; calcium, phosphorous, copper, zinc and iron while percentage dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber decreased significantly (P<0.50) with increased infestation. Fruit infestation also caused significant decrease in the vitamin C content by about 50% but increased saccharose, maltose and glucose content of attacked fruits by about 10%.
Key words: Citrus sinensis, multiple infestations, Ceratitis capitata, fruit morphometrics, Penicillium notatum