THE INFANTS THEORY OF SELF-PROPELLED OBJECTS
THE INFANTS THEORY OF SELF-PROPELLED OBJECTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(90)90051-k
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发表时间：
1990-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
PREMACK, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PREMACK, D
“心理理论”被视为人类社会行为的模块组成部分，并试图在婴儿的感知中找到该组成部分的起源。根据我在这里描述的理论，婴儿对运动的变化给予高度重视，并根据这个标准将世界分为两种对象：那些是自我推动的和那些不是自我推动的。婴儿如何感知这两种物体由四个基本假设描述。 首先，当一个非自驱动物体的运动状态被另一个物体改变时，婴儿的主要固有感知是因果关系；当一个自驱动物体在没有另一个物体帮助的情况下改变其运动时，婴儿的主要硬连线感知是意图。其次，如果两个自我推动的物体以一种特殊的方式相关——一种称为 BDR 序列的关系——婴儿不仅会感知到有意的运动，还会感知到一个物体有影响另一个物体的目标。第三，BDR 序列有一个更强大的结果：婴儿感知到受影响的物体打算做出回报。第四，婴儿期望互惠会保留效价（而不是形式），其中效价要么被表述为对自由的保留/否认，要么被表述为一种审美反应。
"Theory of mind" is treated as a modular component of human social behavior and an attempt is made to find the origins of this component in the perception of the infant. According to the theory I describe here, the infant assigns a high priority to changes in motion and divides the world into two kinds of objects on the basis of this criterion: those that are and those that are not self-propelled. How the infant pervceives these two kinds of objects is described by four basic assumptions. First, when the state of motion of a nonself-propelled object is changed by another object, the infant''s principal hard-wired perception is causality; when a self-propelled object changes its motion without assistance from another object the infant''s principal hard-wired perception is intention. Second, if two self-propelled objects are related in a special way - a relation called the BDR sequence - the infant perceives not only intentional movement but also one object as having the goal of affecting the other object. Third, the BDR sequence has a more powerful consequence: the infant perceives that the affected object intends to reciprocate. Fourth, the infant expects that reciprocation will preserve valence (not form), where valence is formulated either as the preservation/denial of liberty, or as an aesthetic response.