Alcohol and other psychoactive substances in Africa and the Americas: results from the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey
Alcohol and other psychoactive substances in Africa and the Americas: results from the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/14659891.2013.824038
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Poznyak, Vladimir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuhr, Daniela Christina;Fleischmann, Alexandra;Poznyak, Vladimir
目的：本研究的目的是估计非洲和美洲 13-15 岁青少年当前饮酒的流行率及其与吸烟和吸毒的关系。 方法：分析了世卫组织非洲区域 9 个国家和世卫组织美洲区域 7 个国家/地区的世卫组织全球校内学生健康调查横断面数据。计算了单一和联合患病率以及患病率比值比。结果：在大多数国家，酒精是最常消费的精神活性物质，当前饮酒的流行率超过了当前吸烟和终生吸毒的流行率。酒精的性别差异不明显。饮酒与吸烟或吸毒密切相关，表明存在聚集性。结论：对于美洲的大部分国家和非洲的单个国家来说，目前的饮酒流行率与世界其他地区的流行率一样高。必须监测这些国家青少年的精神活性物质使用情况，以便能够利用所获得的信息预防未来的健康和社会危害。
Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of current alcohol use and its association with cigarette and drug use among 13-15-year-olds in Africa and the Americas.Method: Cross-sectional data of the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey from nine countries in the WHO African Region and seven countries/territories in the WHO Region of the Americas were analysed. Single and joint prevalence rates, and prevalence odds ratios were computed.Results: In the majority of countries, alcohol was the most often consumed psychoactive substance, with the prevalence of current alcohol use outweighing the prevalence of current cigarette and lifetime drug use. Gender differences for alcohol were not marked. The use of alcohol was strongly associated with cigarette or drug use, indicating clustering.Conclusions: For the bulk of countries in the Americas and for single countries in Africa, current alcohol use is as high as prevalence rates occurring in other parts of the world. It is imperative to monitor psychoactive substance use among adolescents in these countries to be able to prevent future health and social harm with the information gained.