Caste morphology and development in Termitogeton nr. planus (Insects, Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae)
Caste morphology and development in Termitogeton nr. planus (Insects, Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae)
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DOI：
10.1002/jmor.10047
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Roisin, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parmentier, D;Roisin, Y
白蚁科Rhinotermitidae在其种姓的社会组织模式中显示出广泛的多样性。Termitogeton属可能在这个科的进化早期就分支了。我们研究了一个假定的未描述的新几内亚种，Termitogetonnrplanus的发育途径。发育始于两个白色不活跃的龄期（幼虫），其中第二个具有小的翅芽。其次是一个相对同质的组活跃的不成熟阶段（pseudergates），其中的生物特征研究揭示了四龄的存在。第一个这些龄拥有翅芽退化在随后的蜕皮。老龄期的外部形态类似于更高的白蚁工人。年长的伪雌虫可以分化成幼蜂，然后分化成兵蜂，但它们也可以蜕皮成一个独特的阶段，在成虫之前有长的翼垫（若虫）。群体成熟度可达到约103个个体。除军人外，所有种姓的性别比接近1：1，其中女性多于男性。T. nr. planus使人联想到Kalotermitidae和Termopsidae的那些，以及鼻白蚁科中的原鼻白蚁。这些分类群中没有一个拥有真正的工人种姓，永久地偏离了意象的发展：社会任务是由非专业化的未成熟者完成的，他们保留了一整套发展选择，包括继续发展意象。T. nr.扁平是在所有二龄个体中存在翅芽，该翅芽随后退化以在单个若虫阶段重新出现。我们建议，应修订的术语幼虫，幼虫，和pseudergates的传统定义，因为它们不能令人满意地适用于Termitogeton的种姓。(C)2002 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The termite family Rhinotermitidae displays a wide diversity in its patterns of social organization in castes. The genus Termitogeton probably branched off early in the evolution of this family. We studied the developmental pathways of a putative undescribed species from New Guinea, Termitogeton nr planus. The development begins with two white inactive instars (larvae), the second of which possesses small wing buds. These are followed by a relatively homogenous group of active immature stages (pseudergates) among which a biometric study revealed the presence of four instars. The first of these instars possesses wing buds that regress at subsequent molts. The external morphology of older instars resembles that of higher termite workers. Older pseudergates can differentiate into presoldiers and then into soldiers, but they are also able to molt into a unique stage with long wing pads (nymph), preceding the imago. Colony maturity can be reached with about 103 individuals. The sex ratio is near 1:1 in all castes except soldiers, among which females are more numerous than males. The caste pattern of T. nr. planus is reminiscent of those of the Kalotermitidae and Termopsidae, and of Prorhinotermes among the Rhinotermitidae. None of these taxa possess a true worker caste, permanently diverted from imaginal development: social tasks are done by unspecialized immatures that retain a full array of developmental options, including that of proceeding to the imago. The most remarkable trait of T. nr. planus is the presence in all second-instar individuals of wing buds that later regress to reappear in the single nymphal stage. We suggest that the traditional definitions of the terms larvae, nymphs, and pseudergates should be revised because they cannot be satisfactorily applied to the castes of Termitogeton. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.