Migration as development strategy? The new political economy of dispossession and inequality in the Americas
Migration as development strategy? The new political economy of dispossession and inequality in the Americas
复制标题
移民作为发展战略？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Phillips
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Phillips
摘要在全球政治经济中拉丁美洲和加勒比经济体的“发展空间”严重收缩的背景下，我们看到该地区各国政府越来越明确地将移民作为一项国家发展战略。这一点在加勒比海盆（定义中包括墨西哥）尤为明显。为了应对跨国劳动分工的变化，正在制定的核心发展战略是在提供劳动力的基础上融入跨国供应链，即既要增加新的跨国专业劳动力，又要确保向城市内外的众多部门持续供应廉价、低技能或非技能、往往是无证件的工人。这篇文章认为，从而到位的是一个新的政治经济学的不平等在美洲，通过它的一个占主导地位的，跨国化的形式的“积累剥夺”可以得到加强和深化。这种跨国化的剥夺积累形式，以高度偶然的方式，与独特的“国家化”移民治理相结合，构成了当代美洲移民政治经济学，其中劳动力流动的发展潜力受到深刻的制约。
ABSTRACT In the context of a severe contraction of ‘development space’ for Latin American and Caribbean economies in the global political economy, we are witnessing a novel and increasingly explicit articulation of migration as a national development strategy by governments in the region. This is particularly pronounced in the Caribbean basin (defined to include Mexico). In response to the shifting shape of the transnational division of labor, the core development strategy that is being articulated is one of insertion into transnational supply chains on the basis of the provision of labor, in the sense both of populating the new transnational professional workforce and of ensuring a continual supply of cheap, low- or unskilled, often undocumented workers to a huge range of sectors in cities and outside them. This article contends that what is thereby put in place is a new political economy of inequality in the Americas, through which a dominant, transnationalized form of ‘accumulation by dispossession’ can be reinforced and deepened. This transnationalized form of accumulation by dispossession combines, in highly contingent ways, with the distinctively ‘nationalized’ governance of migration to constitute a contemporary political economy of migration in the Americas in which the developmental potential of labor mobility is subject to profound constraints.