Molecular insights into species phylogeny, biogeography. and morphological stasis in the ancient spider genus Hypochilus (Araneae: Hypochilidae)
Molecular insights into species phylogeny, biogeography. and morphological stasis in the ancient spider genus Hypochilus (Araneae: Hypochilidae)
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DOI：
10.1006/mpev.2000.0882
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hedin, MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hedin, MC
蜘蛛属Hypochilus目前仅限于北美三个广泛分离的山地地区凉爽潮湿的微栖息地，为研究深层（即大陆水平）和浅层（山地地区）生物地理历史提供了机会。该属的成员还保留了许多多形形态特征，吸引了形态学进化比较率的研究。本文利用新分子（28S nDNA和CO1 mtDNA）和先前发表的文献(K. M. Catley, 1994, Am。亩。十一月3088,1-27)形态学数据。虽然分子数据提供了有限的地根分布分辨率，但大多数分析至少与形态支持的山地关系一致（落基山脉（加利福尼亚州，阿巴拉契亚山脉））。分布在加利福尼亚山脉的Hypochilus物种的单系性是模糊的，一些分析表明，该动物群可能是阿巴拉契亚单系谱系的副系。山地地区在线粒体和核系统发育分化的深度上存在一致的差异。结合基于节肢动物的mtDNA速率校准，分子钟分析表明，区域动物群的年龄不同，所有动物群的物种形成可能发生在更新世之前。有限的种内取样揭示了异常高水平的mtDNA细胞色素氧化酶序列差异。这些极端的分化与物种水平上的形态停滞最为一致，尽管初步证据表明，小辣椒类群的特征是分散的种群结构。(C) 2001学术出版社。
The spider genus Hypochilus is currently restricted to cool, moist microhabitats in three widely separated montane regions of North America, providing an opportunity to study both deep (i.e., continental level) and shallow (within montane region) biogeographic history. Members of the genus also retain many plesiomorphic morphological characteristics, inviting the study of comparative rates of morphological evolution. In this paper, Hypochilus phylogeny and associated evolutionary problems are addressed using both new molecular (28S nDNA and CO1 mtDNA) and previously published (K. M. Catley, 1994, Am. Mus. Nov. 3088, 1-27) morphological data. Although the molecular data provide limited resolution of root placement within Hypochilus, most analyses are at least consistent with morphology-supported montane relationships of (Rockies (California, Appalachian)). The monophyly of Hypochilus species distributed in the California mountains is ambiguous, with several analyses indicating that this fauna may be paraphyletic with respect to a monophyletic Appalachian lineage. The montane regions differ in consistent ways in depths of both mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenetic divergence. Molecular clock analyses, in combination with arthropod-based mtDNA rate calibrations, suggest that the regional faunas are of different ages and that speciation in all faunas likely occurred prior to the Pleistocene. Limited intraspecific sampling reveals extraordinarily high levels of mtDNA cytochrome oxidase sequence divergence. These extreme divergences are most consistent with morphological stasis at the species level, despite preliminary evidence that Hypochilus taxa are characterized by fragmented population structures. (C) 2001 Academic Press.