Phthalates in dormitory and house dust of northern Chinese cities: Occurrence, human exposure, and risk assessment.
Phthalates in dormitory and house dust of northern Chinese cities: Occurrence, human exposure, and risk assessment.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.187
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hai-Ling Li;Wei-Wei Song-Wei;Zi-Feng Zhang;Wanli Ma;Chongjing Gao;Jia Li;Chunyan Huo;Mohammed O. A. Mohammed-Mohammed-O.-A.-Mohammed-94268184;Li-Yan Liu;K. Kannan;Yi-Fan Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hai-Ling Li;Wei-Wei Song-Wei;Zi-Feng Zhang;Wanli Ma;Chongjing Gao;Jia Li;Chunyan Huo;Mohammed O. A. Mohammed-Mohammed-O.-A.-Mohammed-94268184;Li-Yan Liu;K. Kannan;Yi-Fan Li
邻苯二甲酸盐是家用产品中广泛使用的化学物质，严重影响人体健康。然而，强调年轻人在宿舍接触邻苯二甲酸盐的研究有限。在这项研究中，从中国北方哈尔滨、沈阳和保定的大学宿舍收集的室内灰尘中提取了7种邻苯二甲酸盐。并在哈尔滨市房屋中采集粉尘样本进行比较。哈尔滨和沈阳的宿舍楼粉尘中邻苯二甲酸酯总浓度显著高于保定。哈尔滨市宿舍楼粉尘中邻苯二甲酸盐的总几何平均浓度低于室内粉尘。邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是宿舍和室内灰尘中含量最多的邻苯二甲酸酯。估算了学生每日邻苯二甲酸酯总摄入量、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DEHP）的致癌风险（CR）、危害指数（HI），结果表明，所有宿舍学生的中位数均低于同住的成年人。采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对邻苯二甲酸盐的人体暴露风险进行了预测。DiBP、DBP和DEHP的HI预测依据美国环境保护署（U.S.EPA）提供的参考剂量（RfD）和Kortenkamp和Faust制定的抗雄激素性参考剂量（RfD AA）。结果表明，部分学生的风险超过了限制，但测量结果并未超过限制。基于中国特异性无显著风险水平（NSRL）和最大允许剂量水平（MADL）预测DEHP的风险商（RQ）。DEHP的CR和RQ预测结果表明，DEHP可能通过吸入室内粉尘造成健康风险。
Phthalates are widely used chemicals in household products, which severely affect human health. However, there were limited studies emphasized on young adults' exposure to phthalates in dormitories. In this study, seven phthalates were extracted from indoor dust that collected in university dormitories in Harbin, Shenyang, and Baoding, in the north of China. Dust samples were also collected in houses in Harbin for comparison. The total concentrations of phthalates in dormitory dust in Harbin and Shenyang samples were significantly higher than those in Baoding samples. The total geometric mean concentration of phthalates in dormitory dust in Harbin was lower than in house dust. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most abundant phthalate in both dormitory and house dust. The daily intakes of the total phthalates, carcinogenic risk (CR) of DEHP, hazard index (HI) of di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and DEHP were estimated, the median values for all students in dormitories were lower than adults who live in the houses. Monte Carlo simulation was applied to predict the human exposure risk of phthalates. HI of DiBP, DBP, and DEHP was predicted according to the reference doses (RfD) provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) and the reference doses for anti-androgenicity (RfD AA) developed by Kortenkamp and Faust. The results indicated that the risks of some students had exceeded the limitation, however, the measured results were not exceeded the limitation. Risk quotients (RQ) of DEHP were predicted based on China specific No Significant Risk Level (NSRL) and Maximum Allowable Dose Level (MADL). The predicted results of CR and RQ of DEHP suggested that DEHP could pose a health risk through intake of indoor dust.