Early Iron Deficiency Has Brain and Behavior Effects Consistent with Dopaminergic Dysfunction
Early Iron Deficiency Has Brain and Behavior Effects Consistent with Dopaminergic Dysfunction
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.110.131169
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lozoff, Betsy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lozoff, Betsy
为了纪念已故的约翰·比尔德对铁和多巴胺生物学的许多反对意见，本文重点介绍了最近的人类研究，这些研究测试了关于早期缺铁对多巴胺系统功能影响的特定假说。与婴儿期缺铁相关的短期和长期变化可能与主要的多巴胺途径(中皮质、中丘脑、甲状旁腺、上丘脑)有关。通过神经认知任务评估患有缺铁性贫血的儿童和年轻人的控制和执行功能更差，抑制控制和执行功能更差，这些任务的药理学和神经成像研究表明，中脑通路中的纹状体环路和中皮质多巴胺通路的变化，其中多巴胺在行为激活和抑制、积极情绪和内在奖励中发挥主要作用，可能有助于解释缺铁婴儿的社会情绪行为变化，特别是警惕和犹豫不决，缺乏积极情绪，社交参与减少等。缺铁性贫血婴儿运动序列和双手协调能力较差，自发眨眼发生率较低，与腹股沟通路的功能受损是一致的。血清催乳素的短期和长期变化提示结节-垂体腺通路中的多巴胺功能障碍。这些假说驱动因素的发现支持早期缺铁或多巴胺生物学的不利影响。缺铁也有其他影响，特别是对其他神经震颤症。髓化、树突状细胞发生、海马体和纹状体的神经代谢、基因和蛋白质图谱以及相关行为。认知、运动、情感和感觉系统功能较差的持续存在，突显了预防婴儿期缺铁的必要性，并需要找到干预措施，使人们了解这种普遍存在的营养障碍J.Nutr的长期影响。141.740S-146S，2011年。
To honor the late John Beard's many contrbutions regarding iron and dopamine biology, this review focuses on recent human studies that test specific hypotheses about effects of early iron deficiency on dopamine system functioning. Short- and long-term alterations associated with iron deficiency in infancy can be related to major dopamine pathways (mesocortical, mesolimpic, rigrosthatal, uberohypophyseal). Children and young adults who had iron deficiency anemia in infancy show poorer,inhibitory control and executive functioning as assessed by reurocognitive tasks where pharmacologic and neuroimaging studies implicate frortal-striatal circuts and the mesocortical dopamie pathway Alterations in the mesolimbc pathway, where dopamine plays a major role in behavioral activatior and inhibition, positive affect, and inherent reward, may help explain altered social-emotional behavior n iron-deficient infants, specifically wariness and hesitance, lack of positive affect, diminished social engagement, etc. Poorer motor sequencing and bimanual coordination and lower spontaneous eye blink rate in iron-deficient anemic infants are consistent with impaired function in the grostriata pathway. Short- and long-term changes in serum proiactin point to dopamine dysfunction in the tuberohypophyseal pathway. These hypothesis-driver findings support the adverse effects of early iron deficiency or dopamine biology. Iron deficiency also has other effects, specifically on other neurotrarsmitters. myeliration, dendritogenesis, neurometabolism in hippocampus and striatum, gene and protein profiles, and associated behaviors. The persistence of poorer cognitive, motor, affective, and sensory system functioning highlights the need to prevent iron deficiercy in infancy and to find interventions that essen the long-term effects of this widespread nutrient disorder J. Nutr. 141. 740S-146S, 2011.