BIOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON CONNECTIONIST MODELLING
BIOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON CONNECTIONIST MODELLING
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
S. Thorpe
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作者：
S. Thorpe
许多对连接主义模型感兴趣的研究人员承认，这种模型是“神经启发的”，但并不太担心他们的模型在生物学上是否真实。虽然这样的观点可能是完全合理的，但这篇论文试图说明生物信息如何被用来约束连接主义模型。讨论了两个特定的领域。第一部分是关于灵长类和人类视觉系统中的视觉信息处理。有人认为，视觉信息处理的速度对视觉系统的结构和操作施加了重大限制。特别是，似乎大量的处理必须依赖于一次自下而上的传递。第二部分讨论学习算法的生物学方面。有人认为，尽管有很好的证据表明某些与共激活相关的突触修饰机制，但其他学习机制，包括反向传播，目前还没有实验数据支持。
Many researchers interested in connectionist models accept that such models are "neurally inspired" but do not worry too much about whether their models are biologically realistic. While such a position may be perfectly justifiable, the present paper attempts to illustrate how biological information can be used to constrain connectionist models. Two particular areas are discussed. The first section deals with visual information processing in the primate and human visual system. It is argued that speed with which visual information is processed imposes major constraints on the architecture and operation of the visual system. In particular, it seems that a great deal of processing must depend on a single bottum-up pass. The second section deals with biological aspects of learning algorithms. It is argued that although there is good evidence for certain coactivation related synaptic modification schemes, other learning mechanisms, including back-propagation, are not currently supported by experimental data.