The Effects of Temperature and Use of Air Conditioning on Hospitalizations
The Effects of Temperature and Use of Air Conditioning on Hospitalizations
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwq231
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Basu, Rupa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ostro, Bart;Rauch, Stephen;Basu, Rupa
一些研究者已经记录了温度对死亡率的影响，尽管很少有人研究温度对发病率的影响。此外，人们对使用空调等缓解策略的有效性知之甚少。作者调查了1999年至2005年加州气温与住院率之间的关系。他们还确定了在邮政编码级别评估的AC所有权和使用是否减轻了这种关联。由于加州独特的收入和气候的空间格局，其他地方因素混淆AC影响的可能性较小。作者只包括在其居住邮政编码25公里范围内有温度监测仪的人。使用时间分层病例交叉方法，作者观察到多种疾病住院的风险显著增加，包括心血管疾病、缺血性心脏病、缺血性中风、呼吸系统疾病、肺炎、脱水、中暑、糖尿病和急性肾衰竭，当天视温度升高10华氏度。他们还发现，在控制了家庭收入和其他社会经济因素的潜在混淆因素后，拥有和使用空调显著降低了温度对这些健康结果的影响。这些结果表明温度对公众健康的重要影响和减缓的潜力。
Several investigators have documented the effect of temperature on mortality, although fewer have studied its impact on morbidity. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of mitigation strategies such as use of air conditioners (ACs). The authors investigated the association between temperature and hospital admissions in California from 1999 to 2005. They also determined whether AC ownership and usage, assessed at the zip-code level, mitigated this association. Because of the unique spatial pattern of income and climate in California, confounding of AC effects by other local factors is less likely. The authors included only persons who had a temperature monitor within 25 km of their residential zip code. Using a time-stratified case-crossover approach, the authors observed a significantly increased risk of hospitalization for multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, respiratory disease, pneumonia, dehydration, heat stroke, diabetes, and acute renal failure, with a 10 degrees F increase in same-day apparent temperature. They also found that ownership and usage of ACs significantly reduced the effects of temperature on these health outcomes, after controlling for potential confounding by family income and other socioeconomic factors. These results demonstrate important effects of temperature on public health and the potential for mitigation.