Feature- and Face-Exchange illusions: new insights and applications for the study of the binding problem.
Feature- and Face-Exchange illusions: new insights and applications for the study of the binding problem.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2014.00804
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Dixon EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shapiro AG;Caplovitz GP;Dixon EL
绑定问题是视觉科学中一个长期存在的问题：即，即使视觉系统分别并行地处理世界的许多方面，人类如何能够保持对物体和特征的相对稳定的表征？我们之前研究过这个问题的一个变体的弹跳传球范例，其中包括两个在相反方向移动的矩形棒；如果两个杆是相同的，并且从不重叠，那么这个运动可以同样地被解释为弹跳或传球。虽然不同颜色的条形图应该被看作是相互传递的（因为颜色提供了更多关于条形图路径的信息），但我们发现了“特征交换”：观察者报告了一种矛盾的感觉，即条形图似乎相互反弹并交换颜色。在这里，我们通过三个演示来扩展我们之前的发现。“Peripheral Feature-Exchange”由两个物理弹跳的彩色条组成（它们不断地在显示器中间相遇并返回到两侧）。当在外围观察时，条形图看起来像是在相互流动，尽管这种感知依赖于特征的交换，并且与条形图颜色提供的信息相矛盾。在“换脸”中，两张不同的脸会互相擦身而过。当注意力集中时，观察者通常会报告说，他们看到的是交换特征的脸，这表明即使是复杂的物体，特征交换效应也会发生。在“face - go - round”中，一张脸在显示器的顶部从左到右反复移动，另一张脸在显示器的底部从右到左反复移动。观察者通常会感知到这些脸在一个圆圈中移动——这一感知与面部身份提供的信息相矛盾。我们认为特征交换和用于引出特征交换的范式可以用于研究绑定问题以及视觉科学感兴趣的其他当代问题。
The binding problem is a longstanding issue in vision science: i.e., how are humans able to maintain a relatively stable representation of objects and features even though the visual system processes many aspects of the world separately and in parallel? We previously investigated this issue with a variant of the bounce-pass paradigm, which consists of two rectangular bars moving in opposite directions; if the bars are identical and never overlap, the motion could equally be interpreted as bouncing or passing. Although bars of different colors should be seen as passing each other (since the colors provide more information about the bars' paths), we found “Feature Exchange”: observers reported the paradoxical perception that the bars appear to bounce off of each other and exchange colors. Here we extend our previous findings with three demonstrations. “Peripheral Feature-Exchange” consists of two colored bars that physically bounce (they continually meet in the middle of the monitor and return to the sides). When viewed in the periphery, the bars appear to stream past each other even though this percept relies on the exchange of features and contradicts the information provided by the color of the bars. In “Face-Exchange” two different faces physically pass each other. When fixating centrally, observers typically report the perception of bouncing faces that swap features, indicating that the Feature Exchange effect can occur even with complex objects. In “Face-Go-Round,” one face repeatedly moves from left to right on the top of the monitor, and the other from right to left at the bottom of the monitor. Observers typically perceive the faces moving in a circle—a percept that contradicts information provided by the identity of the faces. We suggest that Feature Exchange and the paradigms used to elicit it can be useful for the investigation of the binding problem as well as other contemporary issues of interest to vision science.