Does attribute amnesia occur with the presentation of complex, meaningful stimuli? The answer is, "it depends"
Does attribute amnesia occur with the presentation of complex, meaningful stimuli? The answer is, "it depends"
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当出现复杂、有意义的刺激时，是否会出现属性遗忘症？
DOI：
10.3758/s13421-019-00923-7
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Shen, Mowei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Hui;Yu, Jiahan;Shen, Mowei
属性遗忘症（AA）是最近报道的一种现象，参与者无法报告刺激的显著属性（例如，目标字母的颜色或身份），在先前的任务中他们的注意力刚刚集中在该目标字母上。这种违反直觉的效果已经被各种简单的刺激，如数字和字母反复复制。目前的研究试图通过调查当参与者遇到复杂的，有意义的刺激（例如，图片），已被证明在认知处理和记忆方面具有优势。在实验1a-d中，我们研究了是否观察到AA与不同类型的复杂刺激。在实验2a-b和3a-b中，我们将刺激类型（简单与复杂和有意义的刺激）与AA的其他两个潜在边界因素（即，目标刺激的重复性和Einstellung的设置效应），以了解刺激类型和这两个边界因素之间是否存在相互作用。结果表明，AA效应仍然一致地观察到复杂的刺激在一个典型的AA范式，其中参与者遇到了许多试验和目标重复试验。然而，这种效应只出现在简单的刺激，而不是在两种特殊情况下，复杂的刺激：当目标刺激从未重复通过实验，或当惊喜测试被放置在实验的第一次审判。这些发现对于理解AA现象的边界具有重要意义。
Attribute amnesia (AA) is a recently reported phenomenon whereby participants are unable to report a salient attribute of a stimulus (e.g., the color or identity of a target letter) on which their attention has just been focused during a prior task. This counterintuitive effect has been repeatedly replicated with various simple stimuli such as digits and letters. The current study sought to explore boundaries of AA by investigating whether the phenomenon persists when participants encounter complex, meaningful stimuli (e.g., pictures) that have been shown to hold an advantage in cognitive processing and memory. In Experiments 1a-d, we examined whether AA was observed with different types of complex stimuli. In Experiments 2a-b and 3a-b, we linked the type of stimuli (simple vs. complex and meaningful stimuli) to the other two potential boundary factors of AA (i.e., repetitiveness of target stimulus and set effects of Einstellung) to see whether there were interactions between stimuli type and these two boundary factors. The results demonstrated that the AA effect was still consistently observed for complex stimuli in a typical AA paradigm wherein participants encountered many trials and the targets were repeated across trials. However, this effect only appeared for simple stimuli, but not for complex stimuli in two special cases: when target stimuli were never repeated through the experiment, or when the surprise test was placed on the first trial of the experiment. These findings have crucial implications in understanding the boundaries of the AA phenomenon.