Life history of Trupanea bisetosa (Diptera: Tephritidae) on wild sunflower in southern California.
Life history of Trupanea bisetosa (Diptera: Tephritidae) on wild sunflower in southern California.
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Trupanea bisetosa（双翅目：实蝇科）在南加州野生向日葵上的生活史。
DOI：
10.1093/aesa/75.4.400
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. D. Goeden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. L. Cavender;R. D. Goeden
报道了双毛锥壳（Trupanea bisetosa（Coquillett））来自野生和栽培向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）和蓝草H.毛唇兰这多化性实蝇的未成熟阶段的描述和说明。一至数枚卵产于幼头状花序发育中的花盘小花中。鸡蛋在水中孵化。4天每头幼虫在其3个龄期内为害5 ~ 8朵花盘（包括未成熟瘦果）。在进食腔中发生了化蛹。成虫在虫笼中生活2 ~ 3个月。11只雌性各产下总计90 ± 12.7（$\bar x$ ± SE）枚卵。领土行为表现为产卵的女性。求偶涉及翅膀显示交替向前走在冲刺的男性。交配发生在清晨，持续约。交配后行为包括两性梳理毛发。两株H.金小蜂属Pteromalus（Habrocytus）sp.（Hypltera：Pteromalidae）是从蛹中饲养的，蛹茧蜂Bracon nuperus Cresson（Hypltera：Braconidae）寄生在幼虫中。
Trupanea bisetosa (Coquillett) is reported from capitula of wild and cultivated sunflowers, Helianthus annuus L., and blueweed, H. ciliaris Decandolle. The immature stages of this multivoltine tephritid are described and illustrated. One to several eggs are laid among the developing disk florets of young capitula. The eggs hatched in ca. 4 days. Each larva damaged five to eight disk florets (including the immature achenes) during its three stadia. Pupariation occurred inside the feeding cavity. Adults lived 2 to 3 months in insectary cagings. Eleven females each laid a total of 90 ± 12.7 ($\bar x$ ± SE) eggs. Territorial behavior was shown by ovipositing females. Courtship involved wing displays alternating with walking forward in spurts by males. Mating occurred in the early morning and lasted ca. 6 min. Postmating behavior included grooming by both sexes. Two parasites of H. bisetosa were found. Pteromalus (Habrocytus) sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was reared from puparia and Bracon nuperus Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitized larvae.