FIRE REGIME, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION IN THE SIERRAS DE CORDOBA, ARGENTINA
FIRE REGIME, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION IN THE SIERRAS DE CORDOBA, ARGENTINA
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DOI：
10.4996/fireecology.1101055
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Bellis, Laura M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arganaraz, Juan P.;Gavier Pizarro, Gregorio;Bellis, Laura M.
野火是阿根廷科尔多瓦山脉的主要干扰因素，1993至2012年间约有215.2万公顷土地被烧毁。然而，人们对火灾的时空模式及其与该地区气候和植被的关系知之甚少。这些信息对于火灾风险评估和制定火灾管理战略具有重要价值。我们的主要目标是分析四个西尔兰山脉的火灾活动，评估哪些天气和气候条件与火灾活动最相关，哪些土地覆盖类型最容易被烧毁。我们使用了一个中高空间分辨率的火灾数据库和一个从陆地卫星图像中提取的土地覆盖图。不同的锡尔兰山脉之间的火力制度是不同的。西拉斯-奇卡斯山脉受火灾影响最大，火灾事件最多，烧毁面积最大，火灾频率最高。虽然大火占火灾事件的3%至5%，但在不同的Sierran范围内，它们占总烧伤面积的60%至86%。低海拔地区有冬季火灾季节，而高海拔地区有冬春或春季火灾季节。火灾事件的数量与之前比正常多雨的时段呈正相关，而烧伤面积主要与中期天气状况有关。火灾主要发生在草原和灌木丛中，但森林被烧毁的面积也很重要。我们的结果将有助于确定火灾风险最高的时间和条件，并确定应将预防工作集中在哪里。
Wildfires are a primary disturbance in the Sierras de Cordoba, Argentina, with approximately 2 152 000 ha burned between 1993 and 2012. However, little is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of fires and their relationship with climate and vegetation in this area. Such information is of great value for fire risk assessment and the development of strategies for fire management. Our main objective was to analyze fire activity in four sierran ranges, assessing which weather and climate conditions were mostly related to fire activity, and which land cover types were mostly burned. We used a fire database of mid-high spatial resolution and a land cover map derived from Landsat imagery. Fire regimes were different among the different sierran ranges. The Sierras Chicas range was the most affected by fires, with the largest number of fire events, burned area, and fire frequency. Although large fires represented 3 % to 5 % of fire events, they accounted for 60 % to 86 % of total burned area in different sierran ranges. Sierras of lower elevation had a winter seasonality of fires, while sierras of higher elevation had a winter-spring or spring fire seasonality. The number of fire events was positively correlated with preceding periods that were wetter than normal, while the burned area was mainly associated with midterm weather conditions. Fires occurred mainly in grasslands and shrublands, but the area of burned forests was important, too. Our results will be useful to determine the times and conditions in which fire risk is highest, and also to identify where preventive efforts should be focused.