Prevalence and Correlates of Cannabis Use in Outpatients with Serious Mental Illness Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders.
Prevalence and Correlates of Cannabis Use in Outpatients with Serious Mental Illness Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders.
复制标题
接受酒精使用障碍治疗的严重精神疾病门诊患者大麻使用的患病率和相关性。
DOI：
10.1089/can.2017.0006
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
McDonell,MichaelG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Skalisky,Jordan;Leickly,Emily;Oluwoye,Oladunni;McPherson,SterlingM;Srebnik,Debra;Roll,JohnM;Ries,RichardK;McDonell,MichaelG
导语：患有严重精神疾病(SMI)的人使用大麻的次数超过了其他任何非法药物。大麻的使用与精神症状的增加有关，并与酒精使用障碍(AUDS)高度共存。尽管全国有非犯罪化的趋势，但对于接受药物使用障碍治疗的SMI患者的流行率、相关性和影响知之甚少。SMI患者是大麻使用负面影响的高危群体。方法：在这项二级数据分析中，在一项酒精应急管理(CM)随机试验中，对121名同时接受SMI和AUDS门诊成瘾治疗的成年人的大麻使用率、相关性和对治疗结果的影响进行了研究。在7个月的研究期间，使用自我报告和尿液测试来计算大麻使用的流行率和频率。通过SMI诊断、精神症状、医疗问题、法律问题和艾滋病毒危险行为来比较吸食大麻的人和不吸食大麻的人。结果：57名(47%)的参与者在研究期间提交了至少一份大麻阳性的尿样。在提交的2834个样本中，751个(27%)对大麻呈阳性反应。与非大麻使用者相比，大麻使用者提交酒精阳性样本的可能性是非大麻使用者的2.2倍，提交可卡因阳性样本的可能性是非大麻使用者的2.5倍(p=0.01)。吸食大麻的人比不吸食大麻的人更有可能从事危险的性行为(p=0.01)，并报告无家可归(p=0.03)。在控制治疗前酒精使用的情况下，CM期间共患大麻使用与戒酒之间的关系不显著(p=0.77)。结论：在这一样本中，SMI和AUDS的成人共患大麻使用率很高。大麻的使用与最近酒精和可卡因的使用、危险的性行为和无家可归相关，但与CM期间的戒酒无关。
Introduction:People with serious mental illness (SMI) use cannabis more than any other illicit drug. Cannabis use is associated with increased psychotic symptoms and is highly comorbid with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Despite the national trend toward decriminalization, little is known about the prevalence, correlates, and impact of cannabis use on those with SMI receiving treatment for substance use disorders, a group at high risk for the negative effects of cannabis use.Methods:In this secondary data analysis, cannabis use prevalence, correlates, and impact on treatment outcomes were examined in 121 adults with cooccurring SMI and AUDs receiving outpatient addiction treatment in a randomized trial of contingency management (CM) for alcohol. Prevalence and frequency of cannabis use were calculated across the 7-month study period using self-report and urine tests. Cannabis users were compared with nonusers by SMI diagnosis, psychiatric symptoms, medical problems, legal problems, and HIV-risk behavior. The relationship between cannabis use and longest duration of alcohol abstinence in participants randomized to CM (n=40) was assessed.Results:Fifty-seven (47%) of participants submitted at least one cannabis-positive urine sample during the study. Out of the 2834 total samples submitted, 751 (27%) were positive for cannabis. Cannabis users were 2.2 times more likely to submit an alcohol-positive sample, and 2.5 times more likely to submit a cocaine-positive sample at baseline, relative to noncannabis users (p=0.01). Cannabis users were more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior (p=0.01) and to report being homeless (p=0.03) than nonusers. When controlling for pretreatment alcohol use, the relationship between comorbid cannabis use and alcohol abstinence during CM was not significant (p=0.77).Conclusion:Rates of comorbid cannabis use were high in this sample of adults with SMI and AUDs. Cannabis use was correlated with recent alcohol and cocaine use, risky sexual behavior, and homelessness, but not with alcohol abstinence during CM.