Human vulnerability, dislocation and resettlement: adaptation processes of river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh.
Human vulnerability, dislocation and resettlement: adaptation processes of river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh.
复制标题
人类脆弱性、流离失所和重新安置：孟加拉国河岸侵蚀引起的流离失所者的适应过程。
DOI：
10.1111/j.0361-3666.2004.00242.x
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
C. E. Haque
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
David Mutton;C. E. Haque
本研究的目的是确定和分析孟加拉国河岸侵蚀引起的生态系统的经济和社会适应模式。据推测，社会人口和社会经济变量的作用，在确定的应对能力和恢复的河岸侵蚀引起的植被是相当显着的。研究结果表明，由于非自愿移民，流离失所者经历了严重的社会经济贫困和边缘化。这在一定程度上是一个社会建构的过程，反映了获得土地和其他资源的不平等。一些可识别的社会和人口因素，包括性别、教育和年龄，进一步加剧了易受灾害的脆弱性，尽管极端贫困和边缘化造成了复杂性，难以孤立这些变量的相对影响。讨论了将灾害分析和减灾与更广泛的经济和社会背景相结合的必要性。有人认为，人们对环境威胁作出反应的能力不仅取决于影响他们的物质力量，而且取决于使人类更易遭受风险的潜在经济和社会关系。如果考虑到灾害的社会、人口和社会经济层面，分析和减轻灾害的工作就会更加有效。
The purpose of this research was to identify and analyse patterns of economic and social adaptation among river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh. It was hypothesised that the role of social demographic and socio-economic variables in determining the coping ability and recovery of the river-bank erosion-induced displacees is quite significant. The findings of the research reveal that displacees experience substantial socio-economic impoverishment and marginalisation as a consequence of involuntary migration. This in part is a socially constructed process, reflecting inequitable access to land and other resources. Vulnerability to disasters is further heightened by a number of identifiable social and demographic factors including gender, education and age, although extreme poverty and marginalisation create complexity to isolate the relative influence of these variables. The need to integrate hazard analysis and mitigation with the broader economic and social context is discussed. It is argued that the capacity of people to respond to environmental threats is a function of not only the physical forces which affect them, but also of underlying economic and social relationships which increase human vulnerability to risk. Hazard analysis and mitigation can be more effective when it takes into account such social and demographic and socio-economic dimensions of disasters.