Investigation of the Martian environment by infrared spectroscopy on Mariner 9
Investigation of the Martian environment by infrared spectroscopy on Mariner 9
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0019-1035(72)90009-7
复制
发表时间：
1972-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
R. Hanel;B. Conrath;W. Hovis;V. Kunde;P. Lowman;W. Maguire;J. Pearl;J. Pirraglia;C. Prabhakara;B. Schlachman;G. Levin;P. Straat;T. E. Burke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Hanel;B. Conrath;W. Hovis;V. Kunde;P. Lowman;W. Maguire;J. Pearl;J. Pirraglia;C. Prabhakara;B. Schlachman;G. Levin;P. Straat;T. E. Burke
水手9号上的红外光谱实验提供了关于火星环境的广泛信息，包括大气和表面参数的空间、日和长期依赖关系。在全球范围的沙尘暴期间和之后进行的测量表明，大气温度存在至少30公里的大的日变化；从温度场推断的风显示出强烈的潮汐分量和显著的非地转行为。随着沙尘的消散，大气温度场的最大值在纬度和时间上从当地时间约-60°向太阳下点附近移动。大气尘埃的光谱特征分析表明，二氧化硅的含量为60±10%，这意味着发生了实质性的地球化学分异。水蒸气估计表明，可降雨量为10-20微米，比以往火星季节类似时期的地面方法所推断的要少。从1971年11月到1972年4月，从南极地区到赤道的水汽分布没有发现明显的纬度或时间相关性。北极地区没有探测到水蒸气。进行了地表压力填图，由此推断出近两个压力刻度高度的地形起伏。已经发现了地表压力超过水三点压力的大片区域。
The infrared spectroscopy experiment on Mariner 9 provides extensive information on the Martian environment, including spatial, diurnal, and secular dependences of atmospheric and surface parameters. Measurements obtained during and after the planet-wide dust storm indicate that large diurnal variations in atmospheric temperature existed up to at least 30 km; winds inferred from the temperature fields show a strong tidal component and significant ageostrophic behavior. With the dissipation of the dust, the maximum in the atmospheric temperature field moved from approximately latitude -60° and late afternoon local time to near the subsolar point in latitude and time. Analysis of spectral features due to the atmospheric dust indicates a SiO2content of 60 ± 10%, implying that substantial geochemical differentiation has occurred. Water vapor estimates indicate abundances of 10–20 precipitable micrometers, less than has been inferred by ground-based methods in similar phases of previous Martian seasons. Between November 1971 and April 1972 no gross latitudinal or temporal dependence in the water vapor distribution has been detected from the south polar region to the equator. Water vapor has not been detected over the north polar regions. Surface pressure mapping has been carried out from which topographic relief of nearly two pressure scale heights is inferred. Extensive regions have been found where the surface pressure exceeds the triple-point pressure of water.