Parental negative emotions are related to behavioral and pupillary correlates of infants' attention to facial expressions of emotion
Parental negative emotions are related to behavioral and pupillary correlates of infants' attention to facial expressions of emotion
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DOI：
10.1016/j.infbeh.2018.07.004
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bogels, Susan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aktar, Evin;Mandell, Dorothy J.;Bogels, Susan M.
先前的证据揭示了母亲的负面情绪与婴儿对临床和社区样本中情绪面部表情的关注之间的联系。这项研究调查了社区样本中婴儿对情绪面孔的注意力与婴儿和父母的负面情绪之间的关联。使用眼动仪测量婴儿（N = 57，M 龄 = 14.26 个月）的注视和瞳孔对恐惧、悲伤、愤怒与快乐和中性面孔的反应。通过问卷测量母亲和父亲的负面情绪（负面情绪、抑郁和焦虑）以及婴儿的负面气质。婴儿看恐惧面孔的时间比看快乐或中性面孔的时间长，而他们对恐惧面孔的瞳孔扩张程度比对快乐或中性面孔的瞳孔扩张要小。母亲的负面情绪水平较高与婴儿情绪面部表情的瞳孔唤醒较少有关，而父亲的负面情绪并不能预测婴儿的瞳孔反应。探索性分析表明，父亲而非母亲的负面情绪与婴儿的注视之间存在显着联系，而婴儿的注视受到婴儿负面气质的调节：父亲较高水平的负面情绪与负面气质水平较高的儿童的注视时间较长有关，而负面气质水平较低的婴儿的注视时间较短与父亲的负面情绪有关。这些发现支持了这样的观点，即接触母亲和父亲的负面情绪对婴儿在典型发育过程中对面部表情的注意力的发展发挥着作用。
Previous evidence revealed links between maternal negative emotions and infants' attention to facial expressions of emotion in clinical and community samples. This study investigated the associations between infants' attention to emotional faces and infants' and parents' negative emotions in a community sample. Infants' (N = 57, M-age = 14.26 months) fixations and pupil responses to fearful, sad, angry versus happy and neutral faces were measured with an eye tracker. Mothers' and fathers' negative emotions (negative affect, depression, and anxiety), and infants' negative temperament were measured with questionnaires. Infants looked longer at fearful than happy or neutral faces, while they showed less pupil dilation to fearful than to happy or neutral faces. Higher levels of maternal negative emotions were related to less pupillary arousal to emotional facial expressions in infants, while paternal negative emotions did not predict infants' pupil responses. Exploratory analyses suggested a significant link between paternal but not maternal negative emotions and infants' fixations that was moderated by infant negative temperament: Higher levels of negative emotions in fathers were related to longer fixations in children with high levels of negative temperament, while it was related to shorter fixations in infants with low levels of negative temperament. The findings provide support for the idea that exposure to mothers' and fathers' negative emotions play a role on the development of infants' attention to facial expressions in typical development.