Cytotoxicity of InP/ZnS quantum dots related to reactive oxygen species generation
Cytotoxicity of InP/ZnS quantum dots related to reactive oxygen species generation
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DOI：
10.1039/c1nr10131e
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Nadeau, Jay L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chibli, Hicham;Carlini, Lina;Nadeau, Jay L.
磷化铟(InP)量子点(QD)已被认为是一种危害性较小的镉颗粒替代品，但其细胞毒性尚未得到很好的测试。尽管它们的组成元素在培养中对细胞的毒性很低，但它们仍然表现出与激发电子和/或空穴与水和分子氧相互作用产生活性氧物种有关的光毒性。利用自旋俘获电子顺磁共振(EPR)谱和报告分析，我们发现具有单一ZnS壳层的生物相容性InP量子点在可见光照射下形成了相当数量的超氧化物和少量的羟基自由基，这与用CdTe观察到的情况相当。双层外壳可将活性氧的浓度降低近两倍。相应地，在五种细胞系中的存活分析表明，双壳InP量子点的毒性明显降低。根据摄取效率的不同，不同细胞系的毒性差异很大，总体上明显低于镉镉或镉硒/硫化锌。这表明，InP量子点是一种有用的含镉量子点的替代品，同时仍然能够进行可能不受欢迎的电子转移过程或可能被用于光敏化应用的电子转移过程。
Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a presumably less hazardous alternative to cadmium-based particles, but their cytotoxicity has not been well examined. Although their constituent elements are of very low toxicity to cells in culture, they nonetheless exhibit phototoxicity related to generation of reactive oxygen species by excited electrons and/or holes interacting with water and molecular oxygen. Using spin-trap electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and reporter assays, we find a considerable amount of superoxide and a small amount of hydroxyl radical formed under visible illumination of biocompatible InP QDs with a single ZnS shell, comparable to what is seen with CdTe. A double thickness shell reduces the reactive oxygen species concentration approximately two-fold. Survival assays in five cell lines correspondingly indicate a distinct reduction in toxicity with the double-shell InP QDs. Toxicity varies significantly across cell lines according to the efficiency of uptake, being overall significantly less than what is seen with CdTe or CdSe/ZnS. This indicates that InP QDs are a useful alternative to cadmium-containing QDs, while remaining capable of electron-transfer processes that may be undesirable or which may be exploited for photosensitization applications.