Heterogeneity in Risk-Taking During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From the UK Lockdown.
Heterogeneity in Risk-Taking During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From the UK Lockdown.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643653
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Sanders JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guenther B;Galizzi MM;Sanders JG
在COVID-19大流行期间和2020年初封锁期间的两项预先注册的在线研究中（其中一项采用英国代表性样本），我们使用行为经济学和心理学中最广泛应用的四项风险承担任务，对1，254名英国居民进行了风险承受能力测试。具体来说，参与者完成了激励相容的气球模拟风险任务（BART）和宾斯万格-埃克尔-格罗斯曼（BEG）多重彩票任务，以及特定领域的风险承担任务（DOSPERT）和德国社会经济小组（SOEP）研究中使用的风险承担自我报告问题。此外，英国代表性样本的参与者回答了一系列关于COVID-19相关风险行为的问题，这些问题选自UCL COVID-19社会调查和ICL-YouGov关于COVID-19行为的调查。与2019冠状病毒病之前的情况一致，我们发现英国封锁期间的风险承受能力（i）男性高于女性，（ii）随着年龄的增长而下降。在2019冠状病毒病之前没有记录，我们发现一些证据表明，健康的参与者对自我报告的风险指标表现出明显更高的风险承受力。在我们的研究中，我们没有发现COVID-19风险行为与四项冒险任务之间存在系统性或强有力的关联模式。此外，我们没有发现任何证据支持所谓的“风险补偿”假说。如果说有什么不同的话，那就是在现实生活中与COVID-19相关的危险行为中冒更大风险的参与者（例如，隔离或采取预防措施）在我们的实验和自我报告的风险承担措施中也表现出较高的风险容忍度。
In two pre-registered online studies during the COVID-19 pandemic and the early 2020 lockdown (one of which with a UK representative sample) we elicit risk-tolerance for 1,254 UK residents using four of the most widely applied risk-taking tasks in behavioral economics and psychology. Specifically, participants completed the incentive-compatible Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) and the Binswanger-Eckel-Grossman (BEG) multiple lotteries task, as well as the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Task (DOSPERT) and the self-reported questions for risk-taking used in the German Socio-economic Panel (SOEP) study. In addition, participants in the UK representative sample answered a range of questions about COVID-19-related risky behaviors selected from the UCL COVID-19 Social Survey and the ICL-YouGov survey on COVID-19 behaviors. Consistently with pre-COVID-19 times, we find that risk tolerance during the UK lockdown (i) was higher in men than in women and (ii) decreased with age. Undocumented in pre-COVID-19 times, we find some evidence for healthier participants displaying significantly higher risk-tolerance for self-reported risk measures. We find no systematic nor robust patterns of association between the COVID-19 risky behaviors and the four risk-taking tasks in our study. Moreover, we find no evidence in support of the so-called “risk compensation” hypothesis. If anything, it appears that participants who took greater risk in real-life COVID-19-relevant risky behaviors (e.g., isolating or taking precautions) also exhibited higher risk-tolerance in our experimental and self-reported risk-taking measures.
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