INDUCTION OF LARVAL ABALONE SETTLING AND METAMORPHOSIS BY γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AND ITS CONGENERS FROM CRUSTOSE RED ALGAE: II: APPLICATIONS TO CULTIVATION, SEED-PRODUCTION AND BIOASSAYS; PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF MORTALITY AND INTERFERENCE
INDUCTION OF LARVAL ABALONE SETTLING AND METAMORPHOSIS BY γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AND ITS CONGENERS FROM CRUSTOSE RED ALGAE: II: APPLICATIONS TO CULTIVATION, SEED-PRODUCTION AND BIOASSAYS; PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF MORTALITY AND INTERFERENCE
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用结壳红藻的 γ-氨基丁酸及其同源物诱导鲍鱼幼虫沉降和变态：II：在培养、种子生产和死亡和干扰的主要原因方面的应用；
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-7345.1979.tb00009.x
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Duncan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Morse;N. Hooker;L. Jensen;H. Duncan
在养殖中，鲍属物种的早期幼虫死亡率高，部分原因是正常发育延迟。这表明，自然需要的形态发生诱导物质可能缺乏某些集约化养殖系统目前正在使用的新兴海水养殖业。
我们最近发现，某些甲壳红藻（包括石藻属、石藻属和希尔登布兰迪藻属）中的化学物质提供了外源生理触发因素，可诱导浮游鲍面盘幼虫正常的基质特异性“补充”、沉降和变态的开始。其中，γ-氨基丁酸（“GABA”），一种容易且廉价地以纯形式获得的简单氨基酸，可方便地用于在生理条件下以100%的效率在几乎任何基质或食物来源上诱导感受态鲍鱼面盘幼虫的快速和同步沉降和变态。
简单的程序使用GABA诱导的沉降描述经济有效的养殖鲍鱼，鲍鱼种子的生产，并用于遗传育种和工程与这些物种。还描述了用于快速、可靠和高度灵敏的GABA依赖性生物测定的程序，用于进一步分析这些物种的自然和人工繁殖的生理和水质要求以及各种污染物的影响。用这种生物测定法在定量幼虫沉降（因此，繁殖成功）的敏感性，细菌污染和微量水平的常见的农业和工业污染物滴滴涕和铜的结果报告。显着捕食新定居的鲍鱼环节动物神秘地与天然红藻（招聘）基板也记录。
Costly and extensive early post-larval mortality of Haliotis species in cultivation results, in part, from a delay in normal development. This suggests that naturally required morphogenetic inducing substances may be lacking from certain intensive cultivation systems currently in use in the emerging mariculture industry.
We have found recently that chemical substances in certain crustose red algae (including species of Lithothamnium, Lithophyllum and Hildenbrandia) provide exogenous physiological triggers which induce normal substrate-specific “recruitment,” settling and the onset of metamorphosis of planktonic abalone veliger larvae. Of these, γ-aminobutyric acid (“GABA”), a simple amino acid readily and inexpensively available in pure form, conveniently can be used to induce rapid and synchronous settling and metamorphosis of competent abalone veligers, on virtually any substrate or food source, with 100% efficiency under physiological conditions.
Simple procedures for the use of GABA-induced settling are described for the economically efficient cultivation of abalone, the production of abalone seed, and for use in genetic breeding and engineering with these species. Procedures for use in a rapid, reliable, and highly sensitive GABA-dependent bioassay also are described, for further analysis of physiological and water-quality requirements of, and effects of various pollutants upon, the natural and artificial propagation of these species. Results obtained with this bioassay in quantitating the sensitivity of larval settling (and hence, reproductive success) to bacterial contamination and to trace levels of the common agricultural and industrial pollutants DDT and copper are reported. Significant predation on newly settled abalone by annelids cryptically associated with the natural red algal (recruiting) substrate also is documented.