A systematic review of religious beliefs about major end-of-life issues in the five major world religions.
A systematic review of religious beliefs about major end-of-life issues in the five major world religions.
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DOI：
10.1017/s1478951516001061
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Hashmi SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chakraborty R;El-Jawahri AR;Litzow MR;Syrjala KL;Parnes AD;Hashmi SK
本研究的目的是研究世界五大宗教的信仰者对生命末期经常遇到的医疗状况的宗教/精神信仰。这是对常见的EoL情况的宗教方面的观察性研究的系统回顾。用于检索研究的数据库为：Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed citation、Ovid MEDLINE、Ovid EMBASE、Ovid PsycINFO、Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews和Scopus。观察性研究，包括来自医疗保健提供者或一般人群的调查，以及案例研究被纳入审查。从纯理论或哲学角度写的文章被排除在外。我们的检索策略产生了968篇参考文献，其中40篇纳入综述，5篇研究从参考文献列表中添加。只要有可能，我们将结果分为五类，这五类对EoL的姑息治疗实践具有临床意义：高级指示、安乐死和医生协助自杀、身体要求（人工营养、水合作用和疼痛管理）、尸检实践和其他EoL的宗教考虑。根据原籍国、教育水平和内在宗教虔诚程度的不同，宗教内部存在很大程度的异质性。我们的综述描述了与主要EoL问题相关的宗教实践，并解释了临床医生和患者基于其宗教教义和信仰在EoL决策方面的差异。未来应使用经过验证的宗教信仰工具进行前瞻性研究，以评估宗教对EoL护理的影响。
The objective of this study was to examine the religious/spiritual beliefs of followers of the five major world religions about frequently encountered medical situations at the end of life (EoL). This was a systematic review of observational studies on the religious aspects of commonly encountered EoL situations. The databases used for retrieving studies were: Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. Observational studies, including surveys from healthcare providers or the general population, and case studies were included for review. Articles written from a purely theoretical or philosophical perspective were excluded. Our search strategy generated 968 references, 40 of which were included for review, while 5 studies were added from reference lists. Whenever possible, we organized the results into five categories that would be clinically meaningful for palliative care practices at the EoL: advanced directives, euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, physical requirements (artificial nutrition, hydration, and pain management), autopsy practices, and other EoL religious considerations. A wide degree of heterogeneity was observed within religions, depending on the country of origin, level of education, and degree of intrinsic religiosity. Our review describes the religious practices pertaining to major EoL issues and explains the variations in EoL decision making by clinicians and patients based on their religious teachings and beliefs. Prospective studies with validated tools for religiosity should be performed in the future to assess the impact of religion on EoL care.