Introduction to Review Series on Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Right Ventricular Heart Failure.
Introduction to Review Series on Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Right Ventricular Heart Failure.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.122.321168
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发表时间：
2022-04-29
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Hemnes, Anna R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brittain, Evan L.;Hemnes, Anna R.
迄今为止，肺动脉高压的历史很短，自1951年Dresdale等人发现一个活着的人患有这种疾病以来，甚至不到75年。这一开创性的诊断是数百年来肺循环生理学研究的顶峰。威廉·哈维爵士（Sir William Harvey）在1628年的《心脏与血液》（Du Moto Cordis et Sanguinis）一书中借鉴了早期先驱者如伊本·纳菲斯（Ibn Al-Nafis）等人的工作，解释了血液循环的优雅简单性，即肺部和右心室（RV）中的单独循环。19世纪末的动物研究证明了左心和右心导管插入术的可行性，但直到1922年Werner Forssmann 3博士使用泌尿导管对自己进行右心导管插入术，才有可能测量肺循环中的压力。这一开创性手术的使用使其他人，如安德烈·考文垂博士和迪克森理查兹博士，福斯曼后来与他们分享了诺贝尔奖，对心肺单位的功能做出了开创性的发现。4近30年后，Dresdale等人描述了一名肺动脉高压（PH）患者。Dresdale等人的临床报告是一个研究领域的开始，该领域是循环研究系列的主题：肺动脉高压。Paul Wood博士对肺动脉高压的驱动因素有了较早的认识，5他认为肺循环的主要生理性疾病是（1）被动性肺动脉高压，（2）闭塞性肺动脉高压，（3）运动性肺动脉高压，（4）血管收缩性肺动脉高压。
The history of pulmonary hypertension is a short one to date—not even 75 years since a living human was found to have this condition by Dresdale et al1 in 1951. This seminal diagnosis was the culmination of hundreds of years of physiological research in the pulmonary circulation. Drawing on the work of early pioneers such as Ibn Al-Nafis and others, Sir William Harvey in “Du Moto Cordis et Sanguinis” in 1628 explained the elegant simplicity of blood circulation with a separate circulation in the lungs and its own pump, the right ventricle (RV). Animal studies in the late 1800s demonstrated the feasibility of left and right heart catheterization, 2 but it was not until Dr Werner Forssmann3 performed a right heart catheterization on himself using a urologic catheter in 1922 that it would be even possible to measure the pressure in the pulmonary circulation. The use of this groundbreaking procedure allowed others such as Drs Andre Cournand and Dickson Richards, with whom Forssmann later shared the Nobel Prize, to make seminal discoveries on the function of the cardiopulmonary unit. 4 Nearly 30 years later, Dresdale et al described a patient with pulmonary hypertension (PH).The clinical report by Dresdale et al was the beginning of a field of study that is the subject of this review series in Circulation Research: Pulmonary Hypertension. An early understanding of the drivers of pulmonary hypertension was penned by Dr Paul Wood, 5 who considered the major physiological disorders of the pulmonary circulation to be (1) passive pulmonary hypertension,(2) obliterative pulmonary hypertension,(3) hyperkinetic pulmonary hypertension, and (4) vasoconstrictive pulmonary