Modulation of host cell signaling during cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation.
Modulation of host cell signaling during cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12985-021-01674-1
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发表时间：
2021-10-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
O'Connor CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith NA;Chan GC;O'Connor CM
人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）潜伏于骨髓区室的细胞中，包括CD34+造血祖细胞和循环单核细胞。健康的宿主保持病毒潜伏，这种感染在大多数情况下是无症状的。然而，给予适当的外部提示，HCMV从潜伏期重新激活，此时病毒传播，引起疾病。尽管大量文献支持病毒介导的宿主细胞信号传导的操纵作用，但决定这些感染阶段之间平衡的病毒和细胞因素还不完全清楚。为了建立和维持潜伏期，HCMV已经进化出各种手段，通过这些手段它篡夺宿主细胞因子以改变细胞环境以使其自身有利，包括改变宿主细胞信号传导级联。早在病毒进入骨髓细胞时，HCMV就篡夺细胞信号以改变细胞环境，并且这种调节包括不同信号级联的上调和下调。事实上，给予适当的再激活线索，这种信号传导再次改变，以允许病毒裂解基因的反式激活。宿主细胞信号传导的HCMV调节不是二元的，并且许多改变的细胞途径被精细地调节，其中最轻微的改变赋予细胞环境深刻的变化。同样明显的是，病毒介导的细胞信号传导不仅在感染的这些阶段之间不同，而且是骨髓细胞类型特异性的。尽管如此，了解HCMV介导它们的确切途径和手段无疑将为治疗干预提供新的靶点。
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resides latently in cells of the myeloid compartment, including CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and circulating monocytes. Healthy hosts maintain the virus latently, and this infection is, for the most part, asymptomatic. However, given the proper external cues, HCMV reactivates from latency, at which point the virus disseminates, causing disease. The viral and cellular factors dictating the balance between these phases of infection are incompletely understood, though a large body of literature support a role for viral-mediated manipulation of host cell signaling. To establish and maintain latency, HCMV has evolved various means by which it usurps host cell factors to alter the cellular environment to its own advantage, including altering host cell signaling cascades. As early as virus entry into myeloid cells, HCMV usurps cellular signaling to change the cellular milieu, and this regulation includes upregulation, as well as downregulation, of different signaling cascades. Indeed, given proper reactivation cues, this signaling is again altered to allow for transactivation of viral lytic genes. HCMV modulation of host cell signaling is not binary, and many of the cellular pathways altered are finely regulated, wherein the slightest modification imparts profound changes to the cellular milieu. It is also evident that viral-mediated cell signaling differs not only between these phases of infection, but also is myeloid cell type specific. Nonetheless, understanding the exact pathways and the means by which HCMV mediates them will undoubtedly provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Bak, Szilvia;Tischer, Sabine;Eiz-Vesper, Britta
通讯作者：
Eiz-Vesper, Britta
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.0903025
发表时间：
2010-03-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Yurochko AD
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Chan, Gary
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Buehler，Jason;Carpenter，Ethan;Goodrum，Felicia
通讯作者：
Goodrum，Felicia
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cojohari, Olesea;Peppenelli, Megan A.;Chan, Gary C.
通讯作者：
Chan, Gary C.