Negative Regulators of Schwann Cell Differentiation-Novel Targets for Peripheral Nerve Therapies?
Negative Regulators of Schwann Cell Differentiation-Novel Targets for Peripheral Nerve Therapies?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10875-012-9786-9
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Kuery, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heinen, Andre;Lehmann, Helmar C.;Kuery, Patrick
作为周围神经系统的髓鞘形成胶质细胞，许旺细胞包裹轴突，从而提供绝缘、加速电信号传播以及轴突保护和维持。雪旺细胞是多种周围神经病性病症（包括遗传性、炎性、毒性和糖尿病性神经病，以及周围神经纤维的创伤性损伤）中再生的主要效应物。由于它们的高分化可塑性，这些细胞可以通过髓鞘降解、去分化成未成熟的许旺细胞样表型、增殖和出芽轴突的髓鞘再生来响应损伤和疾病。在这样做时，它们可以支持和促进轴突再生和靶组织神经支配。发育分化以及再生性去分化和再分化是由雪旺细胞成熟的正性和负性调节因子的平衡严格控制的。由于这种负调节因子的表达失调可能参与低效或失败的再生，我们将提供一个关于最近的工作的概述，揭示了在抑制雪旺细胞分化的外在和内在信号之间的复杂相互作用。
As myelinating glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells wrap around axons and thereby provide insulation, acceleration of electric signal propagation, and axonal protection and maintenance. Schwann cells are main effectors for regeneration in a variety of peripheral neuropathic conditions, including inherited, inflammatory, toxic, and diabetic neuropathies, as well as traumatic injuries to peripheral nerve fibers. Due to their high differentiation plasticity, these cells can respond to injury and disease by myelin sheath degradation, dedifferentiation into an immature Schwann cell-like phenotype, proliferation, and remyelination of sprouting axons. In doing so, they can support and promote axonal regrowth and target tissue innervation. Developmental differentiation as well as regenerative de- and redifferentiation are tightly controlled by a balance of positive and negative regulators of Schwann cell maturation. Since misregulated expression of such negative regulators is potentially involved in inefficient or failed regeneration, we will provide an overview about recent work revealing the complex interactions between extrinsic and intrinsic signals in the inhibition of Schwann cell differentiation.