Permissive factors for HIV‐1 infection of macrophages

Permissive factors for HIV‐1 infection of macrophages
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HIV-1巨噬细胞感染的允许因素

DOI:
10.1189/jlb.68.3.303
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发表时间:
2000
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
J. Orenstein
J. Orenstein
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Wahl;T. Greenwell;H. Hale‐Donze;N. Moutsopoulos;J. Orenstein

文献摘要

参考文献

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免疫缺陷是HIV-1感染的后果,使宿主容易受到机会性感染。反过来,机会性病原体影响目标细胞对HIV-1感染和复制的敏感性。尽管高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)的出现改变了这些后遗症,但在世界一些地区和失败的HAART方案中,合并感染可能会占上风。此外,扁桃体和非感染性粘膜炎性病变中的免疫激活也可能与病毒复制的近端部位有关。HIV-1感染的增强与激活/炎症之间的这些联系需要进一步阐明促进对HIV-1感染的许可的因素。以条件致病菌禽分枝杆菌为体外模型,我们证明了混合感染通过多种途径促进了单核巨噬细胞对HIV-1的感染。鸟型支原体激活了NF-κB,其下游结果包括肿瘤坏死因子α和CCR5受体的表达增强,这两种受体都允许维持HIV-1感染。在共同感染鸟型支原体和HIV-1的淋巴结中,显著的病毒复制与体外研究结果相一致。此外,病毒负担的减轻与感染或炎症组织的治疗有关,这突显了免疫激活和病毒复制之间的联系。
Immunodeficiency, the consequence of HIV‐1 infection, predisposes the host to opportunistic infections. In turn, opportunistic pathogens influence target cell susceptibility to HIV‐1 infection and replication. Although the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has altered these sequelae, co‐infections may prevail in some parts of the world and in failed HAART regimens. Moreover, immune activation as occurs in tonsil and non‐infectious mucosal inflammatory lesions may also be associated with proximal sites of viral replication. These connections between enhancement of HIV‐1 infection and activation/inflammation warrant further elucidation of the factors promoting permissiveness to HIV‐1 infection. Using the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium as an in vitro model, we demonstrated that co‐infection facilitated HIV‐1 infection of monocyte‐macrophages by multiple pathways. M. avium activated NF‐κB, the downstream consequences of which included augmented expression of tumor necrosis factor α and CCR5 receptors, both permissive for sustaining HIV‐1 infection. Pronounced viral replication in lymph nodes co‐infected with M. avium and HIV‐1 paralleled these in vitro findings. Furthermore, reduction in viral burden is associated with treatment of infected or inflamed tissues, underscoring the link between immune activation and viral replication.
结肠中富含人类免疫缺陷病毒的多核巨细胞:透射电子显微镜、免疫组织化学和原位杂交的病例报告。
DOI: --
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DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5431.1261
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