Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection.
Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection.
复制标题
CD4 百分比高的个体外周血病毒 HIV-2 RNA 较低，可区分 HIV-2 和 HIV-1 感染。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hilton C. Whittle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neil Berry;Koya Ariyoshi;Shabbar Jaffar;S. Sabally;T. Corrah;R. S. Tedder;Hilton C. Whittle
目标
阐明为何西非人群中 HIV-1 和 HIV-2 感染的毒力不同。
研究设计/方法
在西非冈比亚代表所有感染阶段的 59 名 HIV-1 和 49 名 HIV-2 单一感染者的横截面中测量了外周血浆病毒粒子 RNA 和细胞前病毒 DNA 水平。使用新型逆转录聚合酶链式反应 (RT-PCR) 检测方法，对非进化枝 B HIV-1 和 HIV-2 感染的病毒定量具有特异性和敏感性。
结果
对于两种感染，HIV-1 和 HIV-2 前病毒和血浆 RNA 水平与 CD4+ 计数呈负相关，且在感染的每个阶段细胞前病毒载量相似。至关重要的是，高达四分之三的 CD4 百分比较高 (> 28%) 的 HIV-2 感染者的外周血 HIV-2 RNA 水平不可检测（< 500 拷贝/mL），而 HIV-1 感染者在感染的各个阶段都容易检测到血浆病毒 (P < .0001)。感染中期和末期的血浆 RNA 水平相似，表明两种病毒的复制潜力相似。在研究的 HIV-1 和 HIV-2 感染患者的横截面中，数据表明与 HIV-1 相比，体内 HIV-2 RNA 的动态范围更广。
讨论
低水平的 HIV-2 复制和病毒粒子表达是 CD4+ 淋巴细胞计数高的个体的特征，这表明与 HIV-1 相比，HIV-2 的病毒和宿主之间存在非常不同的动态平衡。通过与 HIV-1 类比，我们的数据表明，在感染的亚临床阶段，体内 HIV-2 病毒体 RNA 的周转率显着降低，个体感染性基因组的产生显着减少。
结论
HIV-2感染体内较低水平的病毒体表达与观察到的HIV-1和HIV-2感染自然史的差异相一致，这与两种感染的发病机制和疾病进展的总体差异有关。
OBJECTIVES
To elucidate why the virulence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections differ in West African populations.
STUDY DESIGN/METHOD
Peripheral blood plasma virion RNA and cellular proviral DNA levels were measured in a cross-section of 59 HIV-1 and 49 HIV-2 singly infected individuals representing all stages of infection in The Gambia, West Africa. Novel reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays specific and sensitive for virus quantification of non-clade B HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections were used.
RESULTS
HIV-1 and HIV-2 proviral and plasma RNA levels were inversely correlated with CD4+ count for both infections with cellular proviral load similar at each stage of infection. Critically, up to three-fourths of HIV-2-infected individuals with high CD4 percentages (> 28%) had undetectable (< 500 copies/mL) levels of peripheral blood HIV-2 RNA in contrast to HIV-1-infected individuals who had readily detectable plasma virus at all stages of infection (P < .0001). Plasma RNA levels were similar in the intermediate and end stages of infection, indicating similar replication potential for both viruses. In the cross-section of HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected patients studied, the data indicate a wider dynamic range of HIV-2 RNA in vivo compared with HIV-1.
DISCUSSION
Low levels of HIV-2 replication and virion expression characterize individuals with high CD4+ lymphocyte counts, suggesting that a very different dynamic equilibrium exists between virus and host for HIV-2 compared with HIV-1. By analogy with HIV-1, our data implicate a considerably lower turnover of HIV-2 virion RNA in vivo with a markedly reduced production of infectious genomes in individuals during the subclinical phase of infection.
CONCLUSION
The lower levels of virion expression of HIV-2 infections in vivo are compatible with observed differences in the natural history of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections, relating to overall differences in the pathogenesis and disease progression of the two infections.