Are Tangible Interfaces Really Any Better Than Other Kinds of Interfaces
Are Tangible Interfaces Really Any Better Than Other Kinds of Interfaces
复制标题
有形界面真的比其他类型的界面更好吗
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Hornecker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Marshall;Y. Rogers;E. Hornecker
实体用户界面（TUI）是一种在包括学习、协作规划和娱乐等多种应用领域的系统设计中日益流行的方法。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在技术开发和描述性分类法的构建上[例如3、4、14]。人们探索了一系列身体活动与数字效果之间的新奇联系，并开发了一种通用语言来对这些系统进行分类和比较。然而，与图形界面的许多早期工作一样[见12]，实证工作和理论发展未能跟上该领域技术发展的步伐。虽然有人尝试将实体交互与哲学现象学联系起来[2]，但经过实证检验的关于TUI在学习和其他认知益处方面的理论基础明显缺失。虽然有很多关于实体界面相较于其他类型界面（例如图形用户界面、语音界面）的优势的说法，但我们实际上并不知道为什么、如何以及这些优势是否能够得到证实。已经进行的用户研究大多是非正式的评估，结果往往是积极的，即用户喜欢这些界面并觉得它们易于使用。然而，少数已进行的对照实验的结果显示，图形用户界面和实体用户界面在性能上没有差异[见8]。这就引出了一个问题：拥有与不同类型数字信息紧密结合的实体的、熟悉的且可操作的物品，究竟能实际获得什么。
Tangible user interfaces (TUI) represent an increasingly popular approach to the design of systems for a variety of application domains including learning, collaborative planning and play. To date, most research has focused on technological development and the construction of descriptive taxonomies [e.g. 3, 4, 14]. A range of novel links between physical activity and digital effects has been explored together with developing a lingua franca to categorize and compare these systems. However, as with much of the early work on graphical interfaces [see 12], empirical work and theoretical development have failed to keep up with the pace of technical development in this area. While there have been some attempts to link tangible interaction with philosophical phenomenology [2], theoretical underpinnings of the learning and other cognitive benefits of TUIs, that have been empirically tested, are distinctly lacking. While there are many claims made about the benefits of tangibles compared with other kinds of interfaces (e.g., GUIs, speech) we really do not know why, how or whether they can be substantiated. The user studies that have been carried out have been largely informal evaluations that tend to be positive, i.e., users like them and find them easy to use. However, the results from the few controlled experiments that have been carried out have revealed no difference in performance between GUIs and TUIs [see 8]. This begs the question of what is actually gained from having physical, familiar and manipulative artefacts that are closely coupled with different kinds of digital information.