Smoke-haze pollution: a review of the 1997 episode in Southeast Asia
Smoke-haze pollution: a review of the 1997 episode in Southeast Asia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s101130100021
复制
发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Goldammer, J. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heil, A.;Goldammer, J. G.
1997年下半年，印度尼西亚加里曼丹岛和苏门答腊岛上大约45,600公里的植被燃烧所造成的烟雾污染事件严重影响了东南亚的大片地区。为了记录这些火灾对空气质量的影响，本文分析了印度尼西亚、马来西亚和新加坡选定地点的总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）和直径小于或等于10微米的颗粒物（PM10）的数据。这些数据由气象数据、卫星图像和相关研究摘要补充。在印度尼西亚最广泛的火灾活动附近，TSP连续几天高于2000 μ g（-3）。在马来西亚和新加坡，环境颗粒物浓度增加到9月份平均水平的几倍。对于植被燃烧排放的特征，烟雾-雾霾事件期间额外的大气颗粒负荷主要是由于直径小于或等于2.5微米（PM2.5）的分数增加。由于雾霾中可吸入颗粒物（PM2.5）占主导地位，基于TSP或PM10的空气质量报告可能不足以评估健康风险。因此，需要升级PM2.5监测设施。减少未来发生类似烟雾事件的可能性需要适当的火灾使用和烟雾管理策略。
In the second half of 1997, large areas in Southeast Asia were severely affected by a smoke-haze pollution episode caused by the emissions of an estimated 45,600 km(2) of vegetation that burnt on the Indonesian islands Kalimantan and Sumatra. To document the impacts of these fires on air quality, data for total suspended particulate matter (TSP) and for particulate matter below or equal to 10 microns in diameter (PM10) from selected sites in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore are analysed in this paper. These data are supplemented by meteorological data, satellite images and a summary of related research. TSP was above 2,000 mu g m(-3) for several days in Indonesian locations close to the most extensive fire activity. In Malaysia and Singapore, ambient particle concentrations increased to several times their average September levels. Characteristically for emissions from vegetation burning, the additional atmospheric particle loading during the smoke-haze episode was predominantly due to an increase of the fraction below or equal to 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5). Due to the dominance of respirable particles (PM2.5) in the smoke-haze, air quality reporting based on TSP or PM10 may be inadequate to assess the health risk. Upgrading of PM2.5 monitoring facilities is therefore needed. Reducing the probability of similar smoke-haze events in future would require appropriate fire use and smoke management strategies.