Obesity, SES, and economic development: a test of the reversal hypothesis.

Obesity, SES, and economic development: a test of the reversal hypothesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.028
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发表时间:
2012-04
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Krueger, Patrick M.
Krueger, Patrick M.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pampel, Fred C.;Denney, Justin T.;Krueger, Patrick M.

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对各个国家的研究表明,社会经济地位(SES)和体重在低收入国家呈正相关,但在高收入国家呈负相关。然而,社会经济地位与权重关系方向的逆转以及有关逆转根本原因的争论需要用大量不同国家的可比数据进行检验。本研究使用代表世界所有地区的 67 个国家的个人和总体水平数据系统地检验了逆转假设。为了支持这一假设,我们发现不仅体重指数、超重和肥胖随着国民生产总值的增加而上升,而且社会经济地位与这些结果的关联也从正向转变为负向。这些发现符合有关健康相关、基于社会经济地位的资源、成本和价值在不同经济发展水平之间有何不同的论点。尽管经济和社会发展可以改善健康,但它也可能导致肥胖增加和社会经济地位肥胖差距扩大。
Studies of individual countries suggest that socioeconomic status (SES) and weight are positively associated in lower-income countries but negatively associated in higher-income countries. However, this reversal in the direction of the SES-weight relationship and arguments about the underlying causes of the reversal need to be tested with comparable data for a large and diverse set of nations. This study systematically tests the reversal hypothesis using individual- and aggregate-level data for 67 nations representing all regions of the world. In support of the hypothesis, we find not only that the body mass index, being overweight, and being obese rise with national product but also that the associations of SES with these outcomes shift from positive to negative. These findings fit arguments about how health-related, SES-based resources, costs, and values differ across levels of economic development. Although economic and social development can improve health, it can also lead to increasing obesity and widening SES disparities in obesity.
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