SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS DIFFERENCES IN VULNERABILITY TO UNDESIRABLE LIFE EVENTS
SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS DIFFERENCES IN VULNERABILITY TO UNDESIRABLE LIFE EVENTS
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DOI：
10.2307/2137170
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
KESSLER, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCLEOD, JD;KESSLER, RC
先前的研究一致证明，社会经济地位低的人比社会经济地位高的人更容易受到不良生活事件的影响。两种类型的资源涉及到这种不同的脆弱性：经济资源和更广泛的应对资源，包括社会支持和弹性人格特征。我们提出了一项分析，分解了生活事件和社会经济地位的测量，以确定哪些事件和社会经济地位的哪些组成部分对理解差异脆弱性最重要。我们记录了低ses漏洞在所有类型的个人事件中持续存在。此外，我们发现差异脆弱性不仅限于收入，而且延伸到教育和职业地位。在这些模式的基础上，我们得出结论，不同脆弱性反映的不仅仅是一个简单的经济现实。先前的研究提供了推测性证据，表明过去和现在社会环境中的地位差异可以解释不同的脆弱性，特别是通过它们对弹性人格特征社会化的影响。我们建议未来的研究可以帮助评估这些推测的有效性。
Previous research has documented consistently that persons holding low-socioeconomic status (SES) positions are more strongly affected emotionally by undesirable life events than are their higher-status counterparts. Two types of resources have been implicated in this differential vulnerability: financial resources and a broader class of coping resources, including social support and resilient personality characteristics. We present an analysis that disaggregates measure of life events and of SES to identify which events and which components of SES are most important for understanding differential vulnerability. We document that the lower-SES vulnerability persists across all types of personal events. In addition, we find that differential vulnerability is not confined to income but extends to education and occupational status as well. On the basis of these patterns, we conclude that differential vulnerability reflects more than a simple economic reality. Previous research offers speculative evidence that status differences in past and current social environments may explain differential vulnerability, especially through their effects on the socialization of resilient personality characteristics. We propose future research that could help to evaluate the validity of these speculations.