Being well-liked predicts increased use of alcohol but not tobacco in early adolescence.
Being well-liked predicts increased use of alcohol but not tobacco in early adolescence.
复制标题
受欢迎预示着青春期早期酒精的使用量会增加，但烟草的使用量不会增加。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.10.017
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dishion,ThomasJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanRyzin,MarkJ;DeLay,Dawn;Dishion,ThomasJ
虽然传统上认为物质使用与同伴越轨行为有关，但一项平行文献探讨了同伴社会地位（“受欢迎”）的影响。这篇文献假设，与地位较低的学生相比，地位较高的青少年会预测到社会规范的转变，并更早和/或更实质性地改变自己的行为。随着物质使用在青少年早期到中期变得更容易被社会接受，假设地位较高的青少年比地位较低的青少年更快地加速使用物质，从而反映了这种规范的转变。虽然有一些证据支持这一假设，但它从未与相反的假设（即物质使用有助于提高同伴地位）结合起来进行评估。在这项研究中，我们利用太平洋西北地区8所中学3年的数据，评估了同伴地位与物质使用（即酒精和烟草）之间的相互联系。社会网络分析使我们能够模拟标准的网络效应，以及网络对行为的影响的独特效应（即，由于受到欢迎而增加物质使用）和行为对网络的影响（即，由于物质使用而提高地位）。我们的研究结果表明，酒精使用具有显著的双向效应，但对烟草使用没有显著影响。换句话说，受人喜爱显著地预示着酒精的使用，反之亦然，但这些过程对烟草的使用并不显著。预防工作应考虑青少年同伴地位和同伴规范的动态变化，以防止问题行为的升级，从而影响未来的调整。
Although substance use has traditionally been linked to peer deviance, a parallel literature has explored the influence of peer social status (being “well-liked”). This literature hypothesizes that adolescents with higher status will anticipate shifts in social norms and modify their behavior earlier and/or more substantially than lower-status students. As substance use becomes more socially acceptable during early-to-mid-adolescence, higher status youth are hypothesized to reflect this shift in norms by accelerating their use more rapidly than lower status youth. Although some evidence exists to support this hypothesis, it has never been evaluated in conjunction with the opposing hypothesis (i.e., that substance use contributes to elevated peer status). In this study, we evaluated reciprocal links between peer status and substance use (i.e., alcohol and tobacco) using 3 years of data from 8 middle schools in the Pacific Northwest. Social network analysis enabled us to model standard network effects along with unique effects for the influence of the network on behavior (i.e., increased substance use as a result of being well-liked) and the influence of behavior on the network (i.e., increased status as a result of substance use). Our results indicated significant bidirectional effects for alcohol use but no significant effects for tobacco use. In other words, being well-liked significantly predicted alcohol use and vice versa, but these processes were not significant for tobacco use. Prevention efforts should consider the dynamics of peer status and peer norms in adolescence with the goal of preventing escalations in problem behavior that can compromise future adjustment.