129I record of nuclear activities in marine sediment core from Jiaozhou Bay in China
129I record of nuclear activities in marine sediment core from Jiaozhou Bay in China
复制标题
中国胶州湾海洋沉积物岩心的I-129核活动记录
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.01.008
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Liu, Guangshan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, Yukun;Hou, Xiaolin;Liu, Guangshan
碘-129已被用作人类核活动环境追踪的有力工具。为探讨人类核活动对胶州湾沉积物中I-129含量的影响，对2002年胶州湾沉积物中I-129含量进行了分析。沉积物柱芯上部70 cm处I-129浓度显著升高，峰值分别出现在1957、1964、1974、1986和1990年以后。本文讨论了I-129在该地区的来源和相应的迁移过程，包括太平洋核试验场的核试验、1963年大量核试验的全球沉降、70年代初中国核试验的高潮、1986年切尔诺贝利事故以及欧洲后处理产生的I-129的远距离扩散。I-129在沉积物中对不同人类核活动的良好记录说明了I-129在现代沉积物年龄和沉积速率约束中的潜在应用。1990年以后，中国沉积物中I-129的主要来源是来自法国La Hague和英国塞拉菲尔德的两个核燃料后处理厂的I-129，它们不仅直接向大气释放I-129，而且还向高污染的欧洲海域排放I-129。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Iodine-129 has been used as a powerful tool for environmental tracing of human nuclear activities. In this work, a sediment core collected from Jiaozhou Bay, the east coast of China, in 2002 was analyzed for I-129 to investigate the influence of human nuclear activities in this region. Significantly enhanced I-129 level was observed in upper 70 cm of the sediment core, with peak values in the layer corresponding to 1957, 1964, 1974, 1986, and after 1990. The sources of I-129 and corresponding transport processes in this region are discussed, including nuclear weapons testing at the Pacific Proving Grounds, global fallout from a large numbers of nuclear weapon tests in 1963, the climax of Chinese nuclear weapons testing in the early 1970s, the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and long-distance dispersion of European reprocessing derived I-129. The very well I-129 records of different human nuclear activities in the sediment core illustrate the potential application of I-129 in constraining ages and sedimentation rates of the recent sediment. The releases of I-129 from the European nuclear fuel reprocessing plants at La Hague (France) and Sellafield (UK) were found to dominate the inventory of I-129 in the Chinese sediments after 1990, not only the directly atmospheric releases of these reprocessing plants, but also re-emission of marine discharged I-129 of these reprocessing plants in the highly contaminated European seas. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.