Sexual conflict and female immune suppression in the cricket, Allonemobious socius
Sexual conflict and female immune suppression in the cricket, Allonemobious socius
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00942.x
复制
发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Zuk, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fedorka, KM;Zuk, M
在许多动物系统中，雌性对人工授精表现出局部免疫反应，有助于抵御性传播疾病。然而，这种反应也可能杀死精子，降低男性的生殖潜力。如果男性能够抑制这种反应，他们可能能够增加精子在女性生殖道中的代表性，从而提高他们的适应性。在这里，我们提出了一个假设，即在精子竞争的条件下，雄性会干扰雌性的免疫力。为了验证我们的假设，我们操纵了蟋蟀（Allonemobius socius）中雌性交配频率（单次与多次交配）和精液多样性（单次与多次交配）的水平，并测量了雌性的免疫反应。随着交配频率的增加，雌性血细胞负荷降低，表明一般的生殖成本。随着种子多样性的增加，多雄雌性的酚氧化酶（PO）活性（体外“潜在”大寄生虫防御措施）增加，而包封能力（体内“实现”大寄生虫防御措施）下降。这些结果表明，雄性可能通过中断亲PO级联来操纵雌性免疫，这一级联始于PO的激活，结束于入侵异物的封装。换句话说，女性的免疫功能可能是两性冲突的战场。
In many animal systems, females exhibit a localized immune response to insemination that helps defend against sexually transmitted disease. However, this response may also kill sperm, reducing a male's reproductive potential. If males could suppress this response, they may be able to increase their sperm's representation in the female's reproductive tract, thereby increasing their fitness. Here we address the hypothesis that, under conditions of sperm competition, males interfere with female immunity. To test our hypothesis, we manipulated levels of female mating frequency (single vs. multiply mated) and seminal diversity (monandrous vs. polyandrous) in the cricket, Allonemobius socius and measured female immune response. As mating frequency increased, female hemocyte load decreased, indicating a general reproductive cost. As seminal diversity increased, phenoloxidase (PO) activity (in vitro measure of 'potential' macroparasitic defense) increased and encapsulation ability (in vivo measure of 'realized' macroparasitic defense) decreased in polyandrous females. These results suggest that males may manipulate female immunity by interrupting the pro-PO cascade, which begins with the activation of PO and ends in the encapsulation of invading foreign bodies. In other words, female immune function may serve as a battleground over which a sexual conflict is fought.