Effects of dietary glutamine supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status and intestinal function in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Effects of dietary glutamine supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status and intestinal function in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
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日粮添加谷氨酰胺对草鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化状态和肠道功能的影响
DOI：
10.1111/anu.12883
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Jianzhong Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fufa Qu;Zhen Liu;Yi Hu;Qiong Zhao;Yi Zhou;Zhuangpeng Liu;Lei Zhong;Shuangqing Lu;Jianzhong Li
谷氨酰胺（Gln）是一种广泛应用于水产养殖的条件必需游离氨基酸。本研究表明，日粮中添加适量的谷氨酰胺能显著提高肉鸭的生长性能、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性、黏膜厚度和淋巴细胞数量。随着日粮中谷氨酰胺水平从3 g/kg增加到12 g/kg，6 g/kg组的甘氨酸（Gly）、12 g/kg组的苏氨酸（Thr）以及6 g/kg和9 g/kg组的赖氨酸（Lys）水平显著升高，而谷氨酸（Glu）和丝氨酸（Ser）水平显著降低。添加12 g/kg的谷氨酰胺可提高肉鸡体内丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）的含量和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）。此外，与对照组相比，3 g/kg Gln上调了氨肽酶N（APN）、尾部相关同源盒基因（CDX 2）、L型氨基酸转运蛋白2（LAT 2）、寡肽转运蛋白1（PEPT 1）、特异性蛋白1（SP1）和3（SP3）以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPAR-α）的基因表达，但下调了PPAR-γ基因表达。综上所述，这些研究结果表明谷氨酰胺可以改善草鱼的生长性能、抗氧化状态和肠道功能。
Glutamine (Gln) is a conditionally essential free amino acid that has been widely used in aquaculture. The present study showed that appropriate levels of dietary Gln could significantly improve growth performance and increase lipase and trypsin activity, mucosal thickness (MT) and the number of lymphocytes. The levels of glycine (Gly) in the 6 g/kg Gln group, threonine (Thr) in the 12 g/kg group and lysine (Lys) in the 6 and 9 g/kg group were increased significantly, while glutamate (Glu) and serine (Ser) concentrations decreased significantly with increasing dietary Gln levels from 3 to 12 g/kg. Moreover, the 12 g/kg dietary Gln level could improve the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX) and the total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC). In addition, 3 g/kg Gln upregulated the gene expression of aminopeptidase N (APN), caudal‐related homeobox gene (CDX2), L‐type amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2), oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), specificity proteins 1 (SP1) and 3 (SP3), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPAR‐α) but downregulated PPAR‐γ gene expression compared to that in the control group. Taken together, these findings suggest that Gln could improve the growth performance, antioxidant status and intestinal function of grass carp.